Lingofly-gani: passing on someone else's words
You already know the quote with "deb". Without quotation marks, another person's thought is passed with the participle -gan plus a possessive and a case tail. For example: “U kelishini aytmoqda.” — He says he will come. A rule from the Uzbek course: worked out on examples, not memorized as a wording.
How it works
You already know the quote with "deb". Without quotation marks, another person's thought is passed with the participle -gan plus a possessive and a case tail.
Said that … — U … -gani aytmoq: U poyezd kechikishini aytmoqda — he says the train will be late. The words "the train will be late" turned into one name: "the lateness of the train".
Explained that … — tushuntirmoq; asked whether … — soʻramoq: all of them drag the same form behind them. A request goes through iltimos qilmoq and the activity form: kutishimni iltimos qildi — he asked me to wait.
References without responsibility — -ganimdek — as I understand it, -ishimcha — by my ear: they keep your retelling apart from the other person's speech.
Table
| what we pass on | what introduces it | example | in plain words |
|---|---|---|---|
| a claim | -gani + aytmoq | U kelishini aytdi | said that he would come |
| an explanation | -gani + tushuntirmoq | kechikishini tushuntirdi | explained the delay |
| a question | -ganini + soʻramoq | qayerdaligini soʻradi | asked where |
| a request | -ishni + iltimos qilmoq | kutishimni iltimos qildi | asked to wait |
| as I understand it | -ganimdek | tushunganimdek | as I understood it |
| by my ear | -ishimcha | eshitishimcha | I heard that |
| allegedly | guyo | guyo shu yerda boʻlgan | allegedly was here |
| by the witness | -ning aytishicha | guvohning aytishicha | according to the witness |
By example
- U kelishini aytmoqda.He says he will come.
- U menga kutishimni iltimos qildi.He asked me to wait.
- By my ear, they have sold the house.
How the rule settles in your head
A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.
Frequently asked
-gani: how does it work in Uzbek?
You already know the quote with "deb". Without quotation marks, another person's thought is passed with the participle -gan plus a possessive and a case tail.
What does it look like in a Uzbek example sentence?
“U kelishini aytmoqda.” — He says he will come. A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.