LingoflyAytilishicha, kelibdi: someone else's words through a tail
Reported speech is marked by a verb tail here: the teller was not an eyewitness. For example: “Aytishicha, u ertaga kelibdi.” — According to him, he will, it turns out, come tomorrow. A rule from the Uzbek course: worked out on examples, not memorized as a wording.
How it works
Reported speech is marked by a verb tail here: the teller was not an eyewitness.
-ibdi on the verb — "it turns out, allegedly": u kelibdi — "he came, they say". The tail -di is the ordinary past — the speaker saw it himself; -ibdi — heard it from others.
-gan on the verb — "came, as word has it": u kelgan. Paired with -mish it sounds even farther from the speaker: kelganmish — "came, so the story goes".
Lead-in frames: aytishicha — "according to him", aytilishicha — "rumor has it", maʼlumki — "as is known". After them goes an ordinary sentence, without "that": aytishicha, u keladi.
Table
| frame | example | what it reports |
|---|---|---|
| -ibdi | u kelibdi | allegedly came; the speaker heard it |
| -di | u keldi | came; the speaker saw it himself |
| -gan | u kelgan | came, as word was passed |
| -ganmish | u kelganmish | came, so the story goes, from far away |
| aytishicha | aytishicha, u keladi | according to him, he will come |
| aytilishicha | aytilishicha, ochiladi | rumor has it, it will open |
| maʼlumki | maʼlumki, yaqin | as is known, it is near |
By example
- According to him, he will, it turns out, come tomorrow.
- Rumor has it a new shop, so the story goes, has opened.
How the rule settles in your head
A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.
Frequently asked
Aytilishicha, kelibdi: how does it work in Uzbek?
Reported speech is marked by a verb tail here: the teller was not an eyewitness.
What does it look like in a Uzbek example sentence?
“Aytishicha, u ertaga kelibdi.” — According to him, he will, it turns out, come tomorrow. A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.