By whom it was done: the passive nobody speaks
On signs and in newspapers you meet the ending -படு: தடை செய்யப்பட்டது (taḍai seyyappaṭṭadu) 'forbidden', கைது (kaidu) செய்யப்பட்டார் 'was arrested'. The forms are right, and you will have to read them. For example: “இஞ்ச (iñca) படம் (paḍam) எடுக்கிறது தடை செய்யப்பட்டது” (taḍai seyyappaṭṭadu) — Photographing is forbidden here (a sign). A rule from the Tamil course: worked out on examples, not memorized as a wording.
How it works
On signs and in newspapers you meet the ending -படு: தடை செய்யப்பட்டது (taḍai seyyappaṭṭadu) 'forbidden', கைது (kaidu) செய்யப்பட்டார் 'was arrested'. The forms are right, and you will have to read them.
But almost nobody speaks this way. Instead the verb goes into the plural and no doer is named: கைது (kaidu) செய்தினம் (seytiṉam) (kaidu seytiṉam) — 'they arrested him'. That is exactly the English 'he was arrested'.
The second move: the thing becomes the main word itself. விமானம் இரத்தானது (vimāṉam irattāṉadu) is 'the flight was cancelled', not 'they cancelled it'. Many verbs come in such a pair: திறக்கிறன் (tiṟakkiṟaṉ) 'I open' beside கதவு (kadavu) திறந்தது (kadavu tiṟandadu) 'the door opened'.
So the rule is short: read this, do not say it. See செய்யக் கூடாது (kūḍādu) on a board and you can say it yourself. See தடை செய்யப்பட்டது (taḍai seyyappaṭṭadu), understand it and walk on.
Table
| Bookish passive | How speech says it | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| கைது (kaidu) செய்யப்பட்டார் | கைது (kaidu) செய்தினம் (seytiṉam) | he was arrested |
| தடை செய்யப்பட்டது (taḍai seyyappaṭṭadu) | செய்யக் கூடாது (kūḍādu) | it is forbidden |
| விமானம் (vimāṉam) இரத்து (irattu) செய்யப்பட்டது (seyyappaṭṭadu) | விமானம் இரத்தானது (vimāṉam irattāṉadu) | the flight was cancelled |
| ஆவணம் (āvaṇam) பரிசீலிக்கப்படுகிறது | ஆவணத்தை (āvaṇattai) பாக்கினம் (pākkiṉam) | the document is being reviewed |
| கதவு (kadavu) திறக்கப்பட்டது | கதவு (kadavu) திறந்தது | the door was opened / opened |
| சொல்லப்படுகிறது | சொல்லுகினம் (sollugiṉam) | they say |
By example
- இஞ்ச படம் எடுக்கிறது தடை செய்யப்பட்டதுiñca paḍam eḍukkiṟadu taḍai seyyappaṭṭaduPhotographing is forbidden here (a sign)
- eṉra viṇṇappam iṉṉum pākkappaḍēllaiMy application has not been reviewed yet
How the rule settles in your head
A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.
Frequently asked
By whom it was done: how does it work in Tamil?
On signs and in newspapers you meet the ending -படு: தடை செய்யப்பட்டது (taḍai seyyappaṭṭadu) 'forbidden', கைது (kaidu) செய்யப்பட்டார் 'was arrested'. The forms are right, and you will have to read them.
What does it look like in a Tamil example sentence?
“இஞ்ச (iñca) படம் (paḍam) எடுக்கிறது தடை செய்யப்பட்டது” (taḍai seyyappaṭṭadu) (iñca paḍam eḍukkiṟadu taḍai seyyappaṭṭadu) — Photographing is forbidden here (a sign). A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.