People and family in Kazakh
194 words in Kazakh on the topic “people and family”: Дос (Dos) — friend, Отбасы (Otbasy) — family, Ана (Ana) — mom, Әке (Äke) — dad. 194 words can be played from recordings.
194 words on the topic
- ДосDosfriendA Persian loanword — the same one you hear in dinner-party company words of the east.
- ОтбасыOtbasyfamily"Ot" is "fire", "basy" is "its head": literally "the ones at the hearth".
- АнаAnamomHence "ana tili", "the mother tongue" — literally "the mother's language".
- ӘкеÄkedadFather. To one's own father one says "ake" or "aketai"; the grandfather is "ata", and the two must not stand in for each other.
- БалаBalachildA child of either sex, until grown. "Ul" is "son", "qyz" is "daughter": they specify, they do not replace.
- СатушыSatushyseller"Satu" is "to sell", "-shy" is "the one who does it": satu-shy. The same piece in "zhurgizushi", "driver".
- Сатып алушыSatyp alushybuyer"Satyp alu" is "to buy", literally "to take by selling". Plus the same "-shy": satyp alu-shy.
- КөршіKörshineighborFrom "koru", "to see": a neighbor is one you can see. "Korshiles" is "neighboring".
- АдамAdampersonThe plural is "adamdar". Politely one says "kisi": "bir kisi keldi" — "a person came". Adam is also a man's name.
- Ер адамEr adammanTwo words: "er" is "man, husband", "adam" is "person". There is also the shorter "erkek", a man; it also names male animals.
- ӘйелÄielwomana midway between "a" and "e", the mouth wider than for "e": a-YEL
- ЖігітZhigityoung mani is a short sound between "ee" and the i in "bit"; both vowels here are exactly that: zhi-GIT
- БойжеткенBoizhetkenyoung womanLiterally "she who has reached her full height" — a grown girl. In everyday speech people simply say "qyz", which also means "daughter".
- ШалShalold manA blunt word, best not said to the face: politely it is "qaria" or "aqsagal". An old woman is "kempir".
- БейтанысBeitanysstranger"Bei-" is the prefix of negation, "tanys" is "familiar". Works as an adjective too: "beitans qala", "an unfamiliar city".
- ТобырTobyrcrowdA disorderly crowd, with a shade of "rabble". Simply many people is "kopshilik", and "top" is a group gathered on purpose.
- ҰлŪlsonu is a short "u" with a shade of "o", the lips barely stretched: UL
- ШетелдікSheteldikforeigneri short twice: she-tel-DIK
- ӘкімшіÄkimshidesk managera open, i short: a-kim-SHI
- БалықшыBalyqshyfishermanq before sh: ba-lyq-SHY
- ШашShashhairAlways singular in form. The hairdresser's shop is literally "the hair arranger".
- БойшаңBoishañtallng nasal at the end: boi-SHANG
- АласаAlasalowAbout height and about low things. A low sound or price takes the other word.
- ЖасZhasyoungYoung and at the same time "age": "what is your age?" uses it. There is a third meaning — a tear.
- СақалSaqalbeardq in the middle: sa-QAL
- МұртMūrtmustacheu short: MURT
- АрықAryqskinnyq at the end: a-RYQ
- ТолықTolyqplumpq at the end: to-LYQ
- СүйкімдіSüikimdicuteu rounded, i short: sui-kim-DI
- Сырт келбетSyrt kelbetappearance"The outer side" plus "looks": together — how a person looks from outside.
- МейірімдіMeiirimdikindi twice: me-yi-rim-DI
- КөңілдіKöñildicheerfulo rounded, ng nasal, i short: ko-ngil-DI
- АқылдыAqyldysmartq in the middle: a-qyl-DY
- ЗұлымZūlymevilu short: zu-LYM
- СабырлыSabyrlycalm (in character)From "patience", as in "keep patience". A calm character, not a quiet place: quiet is the other word.
- СыпайыSypaiypolitePolite and delicate. "To speak politely" means on the formal "you" and with the respectful endings.
- ЖалқауZhalqaulazyq before u: zhal-QAU
- БатылBatylboldBold in deed. The hero of legend is the near-twin word with a different final consonant.
- АдалAdalhonestHonest and true — and about food, permissible: "clean food" is the same idea as halal. One word carries both the morals and the kitchen.
- МінезMinezcharacteri short at the start: mi-NEZ
- ДаяшыDayashywaiterFrom "ready": the one who stands ready. The doer tail, as in "seller" and "fisherman".
- ҚалыңдықQalyñdyqbridedeep q twice, nasal ng: qa-lyng-DYQ
- Күйеу жігітKüieu zhigitgroomround u, short i: ku-YEU zhi-GIT
- ҮйленуÜilenuto get marriedround u at the start: uy-le-NU
- АжырасуAzhyrasudivorcefrom azhyrau, to come apart; the -s adds mutuality: to part from each other; the -u form works as the verb to divorce too
- Ата-анаAta-anaparentsa paired word from ata, grandfather, and ana, mother — the language loves such pairs: ata-ana, salt-dastur, qural-saiman; translating by halves is pointless
- АғаAğabig brothera voiced g from deep in the throat: a-GHA
- ӘпкеÄpkeolder sisterwide ae at the start: aep-KE
- ӘжеÄzhegrandmotherwide ae: ae-ZHE
- АтаAtagrandfathergrandfather, and an ancestor in general: ata-baba means forefathers; any elderly man is politely called ata even with no kinship
- НағашыNağashyuncle (maternal)voiced throaty g: na-gha-SHY
- ТәтеTäteauntwide ae in the second syllable: tae-TE
- НемереNemeregrandsongrandson and granddaughter in one word; a great-grandson is shobere, and further the language counts to the seventh knee with separate words
- ТуысTuysrelativefrom tuu, to be born; the whole clan is tughan-tuys — one more of those paired links
- БөлеBölemale cousinround o at the start: bo-LE
- БалаларBalalarchildrenbala plus -lar; after a vowel or a voiced sound take -lar/-ler, after a voiceless one -tar/-ter, and after m, n, ng — -dar/-der
- Ұл балаŪl balaboytense short u: UL ba-la
- Қыз балаQyz balagirldeep back q: QYZ ba-la
- ҚызQyzdaughterdeep back q, closed syllable: QYZ
- Жасың нешеде?Zhasyñ neshede?How old are you?literally at how many is your age; the polite form is zhasyngyz neshede, and saat neshede is built exactly the same way
- ЕресекEresekadultfrom eru, to grow up; in museums and buses the ticket is ereskecterge, for adults, and balalarga, for children
- ЖасөспірімZhasöspirimteenagerround o, short i: zhas-os-pi-RIM
- НәрестеNäresteinfantwide ae in the second syllable: nae-res-TE
- Жас шамасыZhas shamasyageshama means measure, approximation; the link gives the measure of years; on a form the box is called shorter: zhasy
- Мен отыз жастамынMen otyz zhastamynI am thirty years oldno word for the English to-me is needed: the subject is men, and the age takes the where tail zhasta plus the person -myn; literally I am on thirty years
- БұйраBūiracurlyback tense short u: buy-RA
- Тақыр басTaqyr basbaldthroaty q, short y: ta-QYR BAS
- Ақ шаштыAq shashtygray-hairedthroaty q at the end of ak: AQ shash-TY
- БойBoiheightthe word is wider than height: on him means with himself, along him means along; a tall person is boishang and height is measured as one meter seventy
- СымбаттыSymbattyslenderfrom simbat, a fine figure: not simply thin but well-built; the thin word is often a reproach, while symbatty is always praise
- Орта бойлыOrta boilyof medium heightboi plus -ly, the having-suffix: long of height is tall and short of height is low; the same scheme gives the blue-eyed word
- ЖомартZhomartgenerousone of the chief praises and a common man name: a zhomart adam is one who shares easily; the opposite is the stingy word
- ШыдамдыShydamdypatientfrom shydu, to endure; about a thing the same word means hard-wearing: hard-wearing fabric
- ЕңбекқорEñbekqorhardworkingnasal ng, throaty q: eng-bek-QOR
- СенімдіSenimdireliableshort i twice: se-nim-DI
- КішіпейілKishipeiilmodestshort i three times: ki-shi-pe-YIL
- КөпшілKöpshilsociablerounded lips, short i: kop-SHIL
- ҚамқорQamqorcaringthroaty q twice: qam-QOR
- БайыптыBaiyptyseriousabout a person: judicious, not frivolous; the English serious also covers important and grave — the language takes a separate word for each
- ТәрбиеліTärbieliwell-manneredwider than e, short i: tar-bi-e-LI
- Әзіл сезіміÄzil sezimisense of humorwider than e, short i: ae-ZIL se-zi-MI
- СараңSarañstingynasal ng: sa-RANH
- ҚыңырQyñyrstubbornthroaty q, nasal ng: qy-NYR
- ДөрекіDörekiruderounded lips, short i: do-re-KI
- БетпақBetpaqbrazenthroaty q: bet-PAQ
- ҚуQucunningthroaty q, short u: QU
- СөзуарSözuarchattyrounded lips: so-zu-AR
- ҰмытшақŪmytshaqabsent-mindedback tense short u, throaty q: u-myt-SHAQ
- АшушаңAshushañhot-temperednasal ng: a-shu-SHANG
- НемқұрайдыNemqūraidyindifferentthroaty q, back tense short u: nem-qu-rai-DY
- ӘдетÄdethabitwider than e: ae-DET
- ҚұрбыQūrbyfemale friendback tense short u, short y: qur-BY
- ТанысTanysacquaintanceboth a noun — he ran into an acquaintance — and an adjective, familiar: a familiar voice; from tanu, to recognize; tanysu is to get acquainted
- ДарынDaryntalenta gift, an inborn ability: a gifted child; the borrowed talent word walks alongside, especially about the stage
- ТууTuuto be bornone word for to be born and to bear; in a life story people more often use the soft turn, literally to come into the world
- Балалық шақBalalyq shaqchildhoodthroaty q twice: ba-la-LYQ SHAQ
- Жастық шақZhastyq shaqyouththroaty q twice: zhas-TYQ SHAQ
- Ересек өмірEresek ömiradult liferounded lips: e-re-SEK o-MIR
- ҰрпақŪrpaqgenerationback tense short u, throaty q: ur-PAQ
- Туған қалаTuğan qalahometownvoiced g, throaty q: tu-GHAN qa-LA
- Елде бес жыл тұруElde bes zhyl tūruto live in the country for five yearsback tense short u: el-DE BES ZHYL tu-RU
- ЕстелікEstelikmemory (keepsake)short i: es-te-LIK
- Ескі суретEski suretold photographshort i: es-KI su-RET
- ТағдырTağdyrfatevoiced throaty g: tagh-DYR
- Жаңа өмір бастауZhaña ömir bastauto start a new lifenasal ng, rounded o: zha-NGHA o-MIR bas-TAU
- Отбасын құруOtbasyn qūruto start a familyback tense short u: ot-ba-SYN qu-RU
- БайBaiwealthyboth a trait and the old title of a big cattle owner — the bai of tales and family names; a rich language and he grew rich keep the root
- КедейKedeipooronly about means; my poor dear is quite another word in Kazakh — it is about pity, not money
- БөлмелесBölmelesroommaterounded lips at the e: bol-me-LES
- Балалық шақтағы досBalalyq shaqtağy doschildhood friendthroaty q, voiced g: ba-la-LYQ shaq-ta-GHY DOS
- Алыс туысAlys tuysdistant relative"far" plus the relative word give the distant relative; the near one is the close relative; kinship to the seventh knee is remembered to this day
- Бала тәрбиелеуBala tärbieleuto raise childrenopen ae: ba-LA tar-bi-e-LEU
- АтақтыAtaqtyfamousthroaty q: a-taq-TY
- КүштіKüshtipowerfulround u lips forward, short i: kush-TI
- Құда түсуQūda tüsuengagementthroaty q with a short u, round u lips forward: qu-DA tu-SU
- Некелік жүзікNekelik zhüzikwedding ringshort i, round u lips forward: ne-ke-LIK zhu-ZIK
- Үйлену көйлегіÜilenu köilegiwedding dressround u lips forward, rounded o, short i: uy-le-NU koy-le-GI
- Жас жұбайларZhas zhūbailarnewlywedsback tense short u: ZHAS zhu-bai-LAR
- Бал айыBal aiyhoneymoona calque, word for word: bal is honey and ai a month; ai also means the moon in the sky — here it is exactly the calendar month
- Үй жылытуÜi zhylytuhousewarminground u lips forward: UY zhy-ly-TU
- АзаAzamourningit lives in the phrase to keep the mourning; a house in mourning is from the black word — black here means the same as in English
- ПарасаттыParasattysensiblefrom parasat, sound judgment, the dignity of mind; a smart person gets the clever word, while this one is about a mature, weighed person
- МейірімділікMeiirimdilikkindnessshort i twice: mei-yi-rim-di-LIK
- ҰстамдылықŪstamdylyqrestraintback tense short u, throaty q: us-tam-dy-LYQ
- ШыдамдылықShydamdylyqpatiencethroaty q at the end: shy-dam-dy-LYQ
- ӨзімшілдікÖzimshildikselfishnessrounded o, short i twice: o-zim-shil-DIK
- ЖалқаулықZhalqaulyqlazinessthroaty q twice: zhal-qau-LYQ
- ҚыңырлықQyñyrlyqstubbornnessthroaty q, nasal ng: qy-ngr-LYQ
- ҚызығушылықQyzyğushylyqcuriositythroaty q, voiced throaty g: qy-zy-ghu-shy-LYQ
- АдалдықAdaldyqintegritythroaty q at the end: a-dal-DYQ
- ТапқырлықTapqyrlyqresourcefulnessthroaty q twice: tap-qyr-LYQ
- НемқұрайдылықNemqūraidylyqcarelessnessback tense short u, throaty q: nem-qu-rai-dy-LYQ
- ШешімпазSheshimpazdecisiveshort i: she-shim-PAZ
- ҰялшақŪyalshaqbashfulback tense short u, throaty q: u-yal-SHAQ
- ӨкпешілÖkpeshilthin-skinnedrounded o, short i: ok-pe-SHIL
- ИкемдіIkemdieasygoingshort i: i-kem-DI
- ТәптіштегішTäptishtegishpainstakingopen ae with an e shade, short i twice: taep-tish-te-GISH
- НамысқойNamysqoipridefulthroaty q: na-mys-QOI
- ЖанашырZhanashyrcompassionatethe soul word plus aching for: the one whose soul aches for another; it means both sympathizing and a dear person
- ТұйықTūiyqreservedback tense short u, throaty q: tu-YYQ
- ТурашылTurashylbluntfrom the straight word with the inclination tail: the one who cuts to the truth; to say it straight — people both praise and endure it face to face
- Болжауға келмейтінBolzhauğa kelmeitinunpredictablevoiced throaty g, short i: bol-zhau-GHA KEL-mei-tin
- Тіл алуTil aluto obeyshort i: TIL a-LU
- Мақтанып сөйлеуMaqtanyp söileuto bragthroaty q, rounded o: maq-ta-NYP soy-LEU
- Өсек айтуÖsek aituto spread gossiprounded lips at the e: o-SEK ai-TU
- Болып көрінуBolyp körinuto pass yourself off asrounded o, short i: bo-LYP ko-ri-NU
- ТежелуTezheluto hold backfrom braking, restraining: to brake yourself; ozin ustau also means behaving; here it is exactly restraining your words
- ӘзілдеуÄzildeuto teaseopen ae with an e shade, short i: ae-zil-DEU
- Жалған айтуZhalğan aituto tell a fibvoiced throaty g: zhal-GHAN ai-TU
- Астыртын тыңдауAstyrtyn tyñdauto eavesdropnasal ng: as-tyr-TYN tyn-DAU
- Өзін таңуÖzin tañuto impose yourselfrounded o, short i, nasal ng: o-ZIN ta-NGHU
- Сөзінде тұруSözinde tūruto keep your wordrounded o, short i, back tense short u: so-zin-DE tu-RU
- Лайық болуLaiyq boluto deservethroaty q: la-YYQ bo-LU
- Бетіне басуBetine basuto reproachshort i: be-ti-NE ba-SU
- МадақтауMadaqtauto commendthroaty q: ma-daq-TAU
- ЖазғыруZhazğyruto rebukevoiced throaty g: zhaz-ghy-RU
- Сенімді ақтамауSenimdi aqtamauto let downshort i, throaty q: se-nim-DI aq-ta-MAU
- ҚасақанаQasaqanaout of spitethroaty q twice: qa-sa-qa-NA
- АқымақтығымнанAqymaqtyğymnanout of foolishnessthroaty q twice, voiced throaty g: a-qi-maq-ty-ghym-NAN
- Жақсы ниетпенZhaqsy nietpenwith the best intentionsthroaty q: zhaq-SY ni-ET-pen
- Бұл ұятBūl ūyatthat is shamefulback tense short u twice: BUL u-YAT
- Ол әдейі істеген жоқOl ädeii istegen zhoqhe meant no harmopen ae with an e shade, short i, throaty q: OL ae-de-YI is-te-GEN ZHOQ
- СенімSenimmutual trustshort i: se-NIM
- ҚызғанышQyzğanyshenvy (feeling)throaty q, voiced throaty g: qyz-gha-NYSH
- АяушылықAyaushylyqpitythroaty q at the end: a-ya-u-shy-LYQ
- ЫқпалYqpalswaythroaty q: yq-PAL
- БеделBedelprestigestanding in the eyes of people: a person of standing; power as the right to dispose is another word
- ӨзараÖzaramutualrounded lips at the e: o-za-RA
- Тең дәрежедеTeñ därezhedeas equalsnasal ng, open ae with an e shade: TENG dae-re-zhe-DE
- Тіл табысуTil tabysuto hit it offshort i: TIL ta-by-SU
- Шетте жүруShette zhüruto keep out of itround u lips forward: shet-TE zhu-RU
- күйеуküieuhusbandAlso "groom" and "son-in-law". Kazakh marks kinship far more finely than English does.
- жұбайыzhūbaiywife"Zhubai" is a spouse with no gender mark — the polite word. "Aiel" means both "wife" and "woman".
- адамдарadamdarpeopleAfter a numeral there is no plural: "bes adam", not "bes adamdar".
- енеenehusband's motheronly the mother of the husband; the mother of the wife is qaiyn ene, and mixing the two up in conversation is not done
- қайын енеqaiyn enewife's motherqaiyn is the prefix for in-laws: qaiyn ene, qaiyn ata, qaiyn aga
- қайын атаqaiyn atahusband's fatherbare ata is the grandfather; qaiyn moves the word into the in-law family
- күйеу балаküieu balason-in-lawkuieu alone means husband; he becomes the son-in-law only with bala
- келінkelindaughter-in-lawboth the daughter-in-law and the young wife of the son in the house; kelin tusiru means to marry off a son
- жиенzhiennephewthe son of a sister or a daughter — kin on the female line; the son of a brother is called nemere ini
- жиен қызzhien qyzniecegender in Kazakh lives not in the ending but in a separate word: qyz after jien
- немере қызnemere qyzgranddaughternemere is grandson; the same word qyz separates out the granddaughter
- егіздерegizdertwinsone of the pair is egiz, the two are egizder: after the voiced z the plural takes -der
- ағайынağaiynkintuys is a single relative; againyn is the whole kin at once
- үлкен ағаülken ağaelder brotherbare aga is the brother, and on its own it already means the elder one; the younger is ini
- қарындасqaryndaslittle sisterthis is what a brother calls his younger sister; a sister calls hers sinli — the word is chosen by the speaker
- жалғыз балаzhalğyz balaonly childzhalgyz means one and only; about an adult the same word means lonely
- немере қарындасnemere qaryndasfemale cousincousins on the father side go through nemere, on the mother side through bole
- өгей шешеögei sheshestepmotherogei means not blood-related; ogei aeke and ogei bala are built with the same word
- өгей әкеögei äkestepfatherthe order is rigid: the modifier goes before the name, ogei aeke, and must not be swapped
- жетімzhetimorphana word with no gender; from it comes jetimkhana, an orphanage
- жесірzhesirwidowit fits a widower too; when needed people specify: zhesir aiel
- жұбайzhūbaispouse (male)the word for documents and polite speech; in everyday life people say kuieuim
- зайыпzaiypspouse (female)the pair to zhubai but only about a woman; with the possessive the p rings: zaiybym
Download the word set (CSV) · Open the printable sheet
The CSV contains spelling, reading guides, translations and links to word pages. Use the browser menu to save the printable sheet as a PDF.
How it sounds in a sentence
A word list is a blank. Conversation is made of sentences, and these are the ones the words fit into most often.
What is worth knowing about these words
Дос (Dos) — friend. A Persian loanword — the same one you hear in dinner-party company words of the east.
Отбасы (Otbasy) — family. "Ot" is "fire", "basy" is "its head": literally "the ones at the hearth".
Ана (Ana) — mom. Hence "ana tili", "the mother tongue" — literally "the mother's language".
Әке (Äke) — dad. Father. To one's own father one says "ake" or "aketai"; the grandfather is "ata", and the two must not stand in for each other.
Test yourself
First by ear — the way you will meet the word in conversation. Click the speaker and pick the translation.
Now the other way around: recall the spelling from the meaning. That is harder, and therefore more useful.
- How do you say “friend” in Kazakh?
A Persian loanword — the same one you hear in dinner-party company words of the east.
- How do you say “neighbor” in Kazakh?
From "koru", "to see": a neighbor is one you can see. "Korshiles" is "neighboring".
- How do you say “stranger” in Kazakh?
"Bei-" is the prefix of negation, "tanys" is "familiar". Works as an adjective too: "beitans qala", "an unfamiliar city".
- How do you say “tall” in Kazakh?
Only about a person's height. A tall building or mountain is a different word.
- How do you say “cute” in Kazakh?
Kin to the verb "to love": the one you want to love. About beauty said plainly there is another word.
How to learn the set instead of just reading it
Mum, friend, child, neighbour. The first thing people ask you about, and the first thing you tell about yourself.
A list is read in a minute and forgotten in a day. What works: hide the translation, try to recall, get it wrong — and come back to the same words tomorrow.
- Recalling beats re-reading. Covering the translation and trying to remember it does more than reading it ten more times.checked many timesAdesope, Trevisan & Sundararajan, 2017, Review of Educational Research 87(3) · 188 experiments, 272 comparisons. g = 0.61; against plain re-reading 0.51, against passive review 0.93.
- Study spread over days wins not only in experiments but in ordinary classrooms, with real students.checked many timesMawson & Kang, 2025, Behavioral Sciences 15(6):771 · 22 studies, d = 0.54 (confidence interval 0.31–0.77). The authors warn that individual studies disagree widely.
Frequently asked
How do you say “friend” in Kazakh?
«Дос» (Dos), read “Dos”. A Persian loanword — the same one you hear in dinner-party company words of the east. It is one of 194 words in the set “people and family” — the rest are in the table above.
How many family words do you need to start?
The whole set on this page is 194 words, but there is no need to start with all of it: the words you will need in the next few days are enough. Take them a few at a time — five to seven new ones per session.
Is there audio?
Yes, 194 words on this page can be played — click the speaker next to the word. The sound works on any phone, and nothing needs to be installed.