Ken orny, aghundy su, kömirtek izi: how the ecological vocabulary is assembled
The words for nature were assembled over the last thirty years, and they follow their own patterns. Know the patterns and you can read the ones missing here. For example: “Мұздың еруі теңіз деңгейін көтереді” — The melting of ice raises the sea level. A rule from the Kazakh course: worked out on examples, not memorized as a wording.
How it works
The words for nature were assembled over the last thirty years, and they follow their own patterns. Know the patterns and you can read the ones missing here.
A pair without the whose tail names a kind of thing. Ken orny is a deposit, teñiz deñgeyi is sea level, kömirtek izi is a carbon footprint. The first word stands bare, the second takes -y or -sy.
A pair with the whose tail names one particular case. Muzdyñ erui is the melting of this ice; adamnyñ yqpaly is the influence of these people. The difference is in the sense; to the ear it is one syllable.
The trap: a third pattern uses a verb form. Ağyndy su is waste water, zhañartylatyn energiya is renewable, paidalanylğan gaz is exhaust.
Table
| the model | what it means | example | in English |
|---|---|---|---|
| a pair without the whose-tail | a kind of thing | ken orny | a deposit |
| a pair without the whose-tail | a kind of thing | teñiz deñgeyi | sea level |
| a pair with the whose-tail | this, particular | muzdyñ erui | the melting of ice |
| a pair with the whose-tail | this, particular | adamnyñ yqpaly | the influence of man |
| a participle in -dy | a quality by action | aghundy su | wastewater |
| a participle in -atyn | a quality by the future | zhañartylatyn energiya | renewable energy |
| a participle in -ğan | a quality by the past | paidalanylğan gaz | exhaust |
| -syz | negation of a quality | qaitymsyz özgeris | an irreversible change |
By example
- Мұздың еруі теңіз деңгейін көтередіThe melting of ice raises the sea level
- Ағынды су тазартылмай ағып жатырThe wastewater flows untreated
- Табиғатта қайтымсыз өзгерістер болдыIrreversible changes have happened in nature
How the rule settles in your head
A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.
Frequently asked
Ken orny, aghundy su, kömirtek izi: how does it work in Kazakh?
The words for nature were assembled over the last thirty years, and they follow their own patterns. Know the patterns and you can read the ones missing here.
What does it look like in an example sentence Kazakh?
“Мұздың еруі теңіз деңгейін көтереді” — The melting of ice raises the sea level. A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.