LingoflyEstuimşe, tüsingendei, -mys: other people's words without quotation marks
English adds quotation marks; Kazakh changes the word itself. The tail -imshe means in my view, as far as I…: estuimşe, by my hearing; biluimşe, as far as I know. It hangs on a name of action carrying the whose tail: estu plus im plus she. For example: “Естуімше, олар көшіп кеткен” (Estuimshe, olar köship ketken) — As far as I heard, they have moved away. A rule from the Kazakh course: worked out on examples, not memorized as a wording.
How it works
English adds quotation marks; Kazakh changes the word itself. The tail -imshe means in my view, as far as I…: estuimşe, by my hearing; biluimşe, as far as I know. It hangs on a name of action carrying the whose tail: estu plus im plus she.
The tail -gendei means in the way that: men tüsingendei, as I understood it; aitqandai, as was said. It is often a hedge, because the speaker does not vouch for the wording.
After a verb, sekildi means as if, apparently: auyryp qalğan sekildi, he apparently fell ill. The word itself means like: ai sekildi, like the moon. Distrust of someone else's words is carried by the tail -mys/-mis.
The trap: an indirect question is built with eken. She asked where the book is: kitap qaida ekenin surady.
Table
| in English | in Kazakh | what the form is |
|---|---|---|
| I heard that | estuimşe | a noun of action + possessive + -şe |
| as far as I know | biluimşe | the same make-up |
| according to an eyewitness | kuägerdiñ aituinşa | the same, the third person |
| as I understand it | men tüsingendei | a participle + -dei |
| she asked where | qaida ekenin surady | eken + the his-tail + the -ny tail |
| he explained | ol tüsindirdi | a whole form of the verb |
| allegedly (in speech) | -mys / -mis | a tail on the verb |
| as if (as a separate word) | sekildi | a word after the verb |
By example
- Мен түсінгендей, жиналыс кейінге қалдыMen tüsingendei, zhinalys keiinge qaldyAs I understand it, the meeting was postponed
How the rule settles in your head
A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.
Frequently asked
Estuimşe, tüsingendei, -mys: how does it work in Kazakh?
English adds quotation marks; Kazakh changes the word itself. The tail -imshe means in my view, as far as I…: estuimşe, by my hearing; biluimşe, as far as I know. It hangs on a name of action carrying the whose tail: estu plus im plus she.
What does it look like in a Kazakh example sentence?
“Естуімше, олар көшіп кеткен” (Estuimshe, olar köship ketken) — As far as I heard, they have moved away. A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.