Zetkizilim, daiyndama, tañbalau: a noun from a verb in production
In a warehouse one root gives several different Kazakh words. The tail divides the action, the result and the person who does it. For example: “Жеткізілім аптасына бір рет болады” — The delivery happens once a week. A rule from the Kazakh course: worked out on examples, not memorized as a wording.
How it works
In a warehouse one root gives several different Kazakh words. The tail divides the action, the result and the person who does it.
The tail -u gives the action, and the noun as well. Saqtau is both to store and storage; qabyldau is both to receive and reception. Only the place in the sentence tells them apart: saqtau sharty is a noun, saqtau kerek a verb.
The tail -ym names a result or a batch: zhetkizu gives zetkizilim, a delivery as a fact. The tail -ma names a made thing or a paper: daiyndama, a blank; nusqama, a briefing; synama, a sample.
The trap: -shy names a person or a firm. Mix the tails and you say the supplier was late instead of the delivery was late.
Table
| the tail | what it names | the verb | the noun |
|---|---|---|---|
| -u | action and noun at once | saqtau — to keep | saqtau — storage |
| -u | action and noun at once | qabyldau — to receive | qabyldau — acceptance |
| -ym / -im | the result, the batch | zetkizu — to deliver | zetkizilim — a delivery |
| -ma / -me | a made thing | daiyndau — to prepare | daiyndama — a workpiece |
| -ma / -me | a paper, a procedure | nusqau — to instruct | nusqama — a briefing |
| -ma / -me | a taken sample | synau — to test | synama — a sample |
| -shy / -şi | a person or a firm | tasymaldau — to transport | tasymaldauşy — carrier |
| -shy / -şi | a person or a firm | tapsyrys beru — to order | tapsyrys berushi — customer |
By example
- Жеткізілім аптасына бір рет боладыThe delivery happens once a week
- Жұмыс алдында нұсқама өтедіBefore work there is a briefing
- Тасымалдаушы жүкті кешіктірдіThe carrier delayed the cargo
How the rule settles in your head
A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.
Frequently asked
Zetkizilim, daiyndama, tañbalau: how does it work in Kazakh?
In a warehouse one root gives several different Kazakh words. The tail divides the action, the result and the person who does it.
What does it look like in an example sentence Kazakh?
“Жеткізілім аптасына бір рет болады” — The delivery happens once a week. A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.