Lingoflyძალიან, საკმაოდ, ზედმეტად: exactly how much
'Very' is ძალიან (dzalian). Between 'good' and 'very good' there are four more shades, and grown-up conversation rests on them. For example: “ეს (es) გამოცდა (gamotsda) ზედმეტად რთული (rtuli) იყო” (iqo) — This exam was too hard. A rule from the Georgian course: worked out on examples, not memorized as a wording.
How it works
'Very' is ძალიან (dzalian). Between 'good' and 'very good' there are four more shades, and grown-up conversation rests on them.
The order is strict: the booster before the adjective, the adjective before the noun. ზედმეტად ძვირი (dzviri) ბინა (bina) (zedmetad dzviri bina) — too expensive a flat. Nothing may wedge in between.
საკმაოდ (sakmaod) — quite, restrained praise: საკმაოდ (sakmaod) კარგი (kargi) ხელფასია. ზედმეტად (zedmetad) — too much, and reproach is audible in it: ზედმეტად გვიან (gvian) მოხვედი (mokhvedi) (zedmetad gvian mokhvedi). ოდნავ — slightly: ოდნავ ცივია (tsivia).
The phrase არც (arts) ისე (ise) (arts ise) — 'not that ...' — stands apart: არც (arts) ისე (ise) რთული (rtuli) გამოცდა (gamotsda) იყო (iqo) (arts ise rtuli gamotsda iqo), the exam was not that hard. This is the commonest polite disagreement, worth learning whole.
Table
| Booster | Meaning | Example | Shade |
|---|---|---|---|
| ძალიან (dzalian) | very | ძალიან (dzalian) რთული (rtuli) | a neutral boost |
| საკმაოდ (sakmaod) | quite, fairly | საკმაოდ (sakmaod) ძვირი (dzviri) | a measured judgment |
| ზედმეტად | too, overly | ზედმეტად გვიან (gvian) | with reproach: beyond the norm |
| ოდნავ | slightly, barely | ოდნავ ცივი (tsivi) | hardly noticeable |
| არც (arts) ისე (ise) | not that | არც (arts) ისე (ise) რთული (rtuli) | soft disagreement |
| უფრო (upro) … ვიდრე (vidre) | more … than | უფრო იაფი (upro iapi), ვიდრე (vidre) ეს (es) | comparing two things |
| -ზე | than someone (colloquial) | ჩემზე (chemze) მაღალი (maghali) | comparing with a person |
By example
- akhali samsakhuri upro sainteresoa, vidre dzveliThe new job is more interesting than the old one
How the rule settles in your head
A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.
Frequently asked
exactly how much: how does it work in Georgian?
'Very' is ძალიან (dzalian). Between 'good' and 'very good' there are four more shades, and grown-up conversation rests on them.
What does it look like in a Georgian example sentence?
“ეს (es) გამოცდა (gamotsda) ზედმეტად რთული (rtuli) იყო” (iqo) (es gamotsda zedmetad rtuli iqo) — This exam was too hard. A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.