Myatyy, rzhavyy, vytsvetshiy: a thing's state, taken from a verb
Many words about a thing's state are made from verbs: myat gave myatyy, rzhavet — rzhavyy, vytsvesti — vytsvetshiy. Catch the trick and there will be half as many new words. For example: “Рубашка мятая, а занавески выцвели” — The shirt is crumpled and the curtains have faded. A rule from the Russian course: worked out on examples, not memorized as a wording.
How it works
Many words about a thing's state are made from verbs: myat gave myatyy, rzhavet — rzhavyy, vytsvesti — vytsvetshiy. Catch the trick and there will be half as many new words.
Such a word bends like any adjective: myataya rubashka, myatuyu rubashku, o myatoy rubashke.
There is also a short form — it answers what is it like?: chashka tsela, botinki iznosheny, stranitsy potyorty.
The meaning looks at who acted: myatyy — someone crumpled it; vytsvetshiy — it faded on its own.
Table
| Verb | The adjective | Who acted | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| myat | myatyy | someone crumpled it | myataya rubashka |
| rzhavet | rzhavyy | rusted on its own | rzhavyy zamok |
| vytsvesti | vytsvetshiy | faded on its own | vytsvetshaya shtora |
| iznosit | iznoshennyy | worn down by use | iznoshennye podoshvy |
| lomat | lomanyy | someone broke it | lomanaya vetka |
| sushit | sushyonyy | dried on purpose | sushyonye griby |
By example
- Рубашка мятая, а занавески выцвелиRubashka myataya, a zanaveski vytsveliThe shirt is crumpled and the curtains have faded
- Ботинки изношены, а замок заржавелBotinki iznosheny, a zamok zarzhavelThe boots are worn out and the lock has rusted
- Чашка цела, а блюдце разбилосьChashka tsela, a blyudtse razbilosThe cup is intact and the saucer broke
How the rule settles in your head
A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.
Frequently asked
Myatyy or izmyatyy: about a thing?
Many words about a thing's state are made from verbs: myat gave myatyy, rzhavet — rzhavyy, vytsvesti — vytsvetshiy. Catch the trick and there will be half as many new words.
Why chashka tsela and not tselaya?
There is also a short form — it answers what is it like?: chashka tsela, botinki iznosheny, stranitsy potyorty.
How to make a quality from a verb?
Many words about a thing's state are made from verbs: myat gave myatyy, rzhavet — rzhavyy, vytsvesti — vytsvetshiy. Catch the trick and there will be half as many new words.
Vytsvetshiy vs vytsvel?
Many words about a thing's state are made from verbs: myat gave myatyy, rzhavet — rzhavyy, vytsvesti — vytsvetshiy. Catch the trick and there will be half as many new words.
What does it look like in a Russian example sentence?
“Рубашка мятая, а занавески выцвели” (Rubashka myataya, a zanaveski vytsveli) — The shirt is crumpled and the curtains have faded. A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.