LingoflyMenimşe, aituinşa, biluimşe: whose thought it is and where the information is from
The tail -sha means in the opinion of, according to, as far as. It hangs straight on the word, with no separate preposition. For example: “Менімше, бұл (būl) шешім (sheshim) дұрыс (dūrys) емес” (emes) — In my opinion, this decision is wrong. A rule from the Kazakh course: worked out on examples, not memorized as a wording.
How it works
The tail -sha means in the opinion of, according to, as far as. It hangs straight on the word, with no separate preposition.
On a pronoun it yields an opinion: men gives menimşe, in my view; sen gives senimşe. Between the root and -sha sits the whose tail, so the word comes apart as men plus im plus she.
On a name of an action it yields the source of the news. Aitu gives aituinşa, according to him; bilu gives biluimşe, as far as I know. Whose words they are is named in front: därigerdiñ aituinşa.
The trap: the same tail without the whose tail gives a language or a manner, as in qazaqsha, zhazbasha, basqasha. With the whose tail it is an opinion; without it, a way of doing.
Table
| what it hangs on | the make-up | the word | in English |
|---|---|---|---|
| a pronoun | men + im + şe | menimşe | in my opinion |
| a pronoun | sen + im + şe | senimşe | in your opinion |
| a name of action | aitu + y + nşa | aituinşa | according to him |
| a name of action | bilu + im + şe | biluimşe | as far as I know |
| a noun of possibility | mümkindik + i + nşe | mümkindiginşe | as far as possible |
| no person tail | zhazba + şa | zhazbasha | in writing |
| no person tail | başqa + şa | başqasha | otherwise |
| a helper word | a separate word | ereje boiynsha | as a rule |
By example
- Құжаттарды ереже бойынша, мүмкіндігінше тез тапсырыңызQūzhattardy erezhe boiynsha, mümkindiginshe tez tapsyryñyzSubmit the documents according to the rules and as fast as possible
How the rule settles in your head
A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.
Frequently asked
Menimşe, aituinşa, biluimşe: how does it work in Kazakh?
The tail -sha means in the opinion of, according to, as far as. It hangs straight on the word, with no separate preposition.
What does it look like in a Kazakh example sentence?
“Менімше, бұл (būl) шешім (sheshim) дұрыс (dūrys) емес” (emes) (Menimshe, būl sheshim dūrys emes) — In my opinion, this decision is wrong. A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.