LingoflyԿաշիէ պայուսակ and դանակով կտրել: made of what, done with what
In a shop two questions come up more than any others. What is it made of? What do you do it with? English answers both with a preposition. Armenian uses an ending, one per question. For example: “Բնական (pnagan) կաշիէ (gashie) պայուսակ (bayusag) մը (mə) կը (gə) փնտռեմ” (p'ndrrem) — I am looking for a bag of natural leather. A rule from the Western Armenian course: worked out on examples, not memorized as a wording.
How it works
In a shop two questions come up more than any others. What is it made of? What do you do it with? English answers both with a preposition. Armenian uses an ending, one per question.
-է (-e) — the material. It attaches to the noun and goes before the thing: կաշիէ (gashie) պայուսակ (bayusag) (gashie bayusag) — a leather bag, ապակիէ բաժակ (pazhag) (abagie pazhag) — a glass tumbler. It can also follow: պայուսակը (bayusagə) կաշիէ (gashie) է (bayusagə gashie e) — the bag is leather. This is the same -է(ն) as "from": Երեւանէն (Yerevanen) — from Yerevan.
-ով (-ov) — "with, by means of": դանակով կտրել (gdrel) — to cut with a knife, քարտով (k'ardov) վճարել (vjarel) (k'ardov vjarel) — to pay by card. It also means "with something" in general: կիտրոնով թէյ (t'ey) — tea with lemon. It marks the way you travel, հանրակառքով — by bus, and makes adverbs: հաճոյքով (hajuyk'ov) — with pleasure.
Table
| Question | The ending | Example | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| what kind (of what) | -է | կաշիէ (gashie) պայուսակ (bayusag) | before the thing |
| what kind (of what) | -է | ապակիէ բաժակ (pazhag) — a glass one | before the thing |
| made of what | -է | պայուսակը (bayusagə) կաշիէ (gashie) է | after the thing |
| with what | -ով | դանակով կտրել (gdrel) — cut with a knife | with the verb |
| with what (company) | -ով | կիտրոնով թէյ (t'ey) — tea with lemon | before the thing |
| by what (travel) | -ով | հանրակառքով — by bus | with the verb |
| how (an adverb) | -ով | հաճոյքով (hajuyk'ov) — with pleasure | with the verb |
By example
- Պանիրը քերիչով քերէbanirə k'erichov k'ereGrate the cheese on a grater
How the rule settles in your head
A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.
Frequently asked
How to say made of leather?
In a shop two questions come up more than any others. What is it made of? What do you do it with? English answers both with a preposition. Armenian uses an ending, one per question.
Gashie bayusag meaning?
In a shop two questions come up more than any others. What is it made of? What do you do it with? English answers both with a preposition. Armenian uses an ending, one per question.
How to say with a knife?
-ով — "with, by means of": դանակով կտրել (gdrel) — to cut with a knife, քարտով (k'ardov) վճարել (vjarel) — to pay by card. It also means "with something" in general: կիտրոնով թէյ (t'ey) — tea with lemon. It marks the way you travel, հանրակառքով — by bus, and makes adverbs: հաճոյքով (hajuyk'ov) — with pleasure.
One ending for by bus and with pleasure?
-ով — "with, by means of": դանակով կտրել (gdrel) — to cut with a knife, քարտով (k'ardov) վճարել (vjarel) — to pay by card. It also means "with something" in general: կիտրոնով թէյ (t'ey) — tea with lemon. It marks the way you travel, հանրակառքով — by bus, and makes adverbs: հաճոյքով (hajuyk'ov) — with pleasure.
Material adjectives?
-է — the material. It attaches to the noun and goes before the thing: կաշիէ (gashie) պայուսակ (bayusag) — a leather bag, ապակիէ բաժակ (pazhag) — a glass tumbler. It can also follow: պայուսակը (bayusagə) կաշիէ (gashie) է — the bag is leather. This is the same -է(ն) as "from": Երեւանէն (Yerevanen) — from Yerevan.
How to say pay by card?
-ով — "with, by means of": դանակով կտրել (gdrel) — to cut with a knife, քարտով (k'ardov) վճարել (vjarel) — to pay by card. It also means "with something" in general: կիտրոնով թէյ (t'ey) — tea with lemon. It marks the way you travel, հանրակառքով — by bus, and makes adverbs: հաճոյքով (hajuyk'ov) — with pleasure.
What does it look like in a Western Armenian example sentence?
“Բնական (pnagan) կաշիէ (gashie) պայուսակ (bayusag) մը (mə) կը (gə) փնտռեմ” (p'ndrrem) (pnagan gashie bayusag mə gə p'ndrrem) — I am looking for a bag of natural leather. A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.