Mine on the end: ketaabe man and ketaabam
Two ways to say "my book", and both are alive. The tail way: ketaabam, one word. The full way: ketaab-e man — book-of me — where man, to, u stand after the ezafe. The tails are -am, -at, -ash, -maan, -taan, -shaan; the full form uses the bare pronouns. Khahaar-e to dar Tehran ast, beraadar-e man dar Shiraaz: your sister here, my brother there, both said with ezafe. Khuune-maan koochak ast, vali doostash daarim — our…
How it works
Two ways to say "my book", and both are alive. The tail way: ketaabam, one word. The full way: ketaab-e man — book-of me — where man, to, u stand after the ezafe. The tails are -am, -at, -ash, -maan, -taan, -shaan; the full form uses the bare pronouns. Khahaar-e to dar Tehran ast, beraadar-e man dar Shiraaz: your sister here, my brother there, both said with ezafe. Khuune-maan koochak ast, vali doostash daarim — our house is small, but we love it.
Table
| who | tail | example |
|---|---|---|
| I | -am | ketaabam — my book |
| you | -at | ketaabat — your book |
| he, she | -ash | ketaabash — his book |
| we | -maan | ketaabaan — our book |
| you (pl.) | -taan | ketaabetaan — your book |
| they | -shaan | ketaabeshaan — their book |
| full form | ezafe + pronoun | ketaab-e man — my book |
By example
- کتابم را گم کردمketâbam râ gâm kardamI lost my book
- خواهر تو در تهران است, برادر من در شیرازkhâhâre tâ dar Tehrân ast, bârâdâre man dar ShirazYour sister is in Tehran, my brother is in Shiraz
- خانهمان کوچک است, ولی دوستش داریمkhânemân kuchek ast, vali dustesh dârimOur house is small, but we love it
How the rule settles in your head
A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.
Frequently asked
Ketaabe man vs ketaabam?
Two ways to say "my book", and both are alive. The tail way: ketaabam, one word. The full way: ketaab-e man — book-of me — where man, to, u stand after the ezafe. The tails are -am, -at, -ash, -maan, -taan, -shaan; the full form uses the bare pronouns. Khahaar-e to dar Tehran ast, beraadar-e man…
What does ketaabam mean?
Two ways to say "my book", and both are alive. The tail way: ketaabam, one word. The full way: ketaab-e man — book-of me — where man, to, u stand after the ezafe. The tails are -am, -at, -ash, -maan, -taan, -shaan; the full form uses the bare pronouns. Khahaar-e to dar Tehran ast, beraadar-e man…
Persian pronouns with ezafe?
Two ways to say "my book", and both are alive. The tail way: ketaabam, one word. The full way: ketaab-e man — book-of me — where man, to, u stand after the ezafe. The tails are -am, -at, -ash, -maan, -taan, -shaan; the full form uses the bare pronouns. Khahaar-e to dar Tehran ast, beraadar-e man…
What does it look like in a Persian example sentence?
“کتابم را گم کردم” (ketâbam râ gâm kardam) — I lost my book. A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.