LingoflyHow the papers speak: passive tails
The language of paperwork manages without a doer: "rad etildi" — rejected, and no one says by whom. The passive tail hangs on the verb, and the main word becomes the thing acted upon. For example: “Vizam rad etildi.” — My visa was rejected. A rule from the Uzbek course: worked out on examples, not memorized as a wording.
How it works
The language of paperwork manages without a doer: "rad etildi" — rejected, and no one says by whom. The passive tail hangs on the verb, and the main word becomes the thing acted upon.
After a consonant stem comes -il: qilmoq — to do, qilinmoq — to be done, murojaat qilinadi — applications are made. After a vowel it is -n: oʻrganmoq — to study, oʻrganiladi — it is studied.
The past adds -di: topshirildi — submitted, berildi — granted. The -gan form describes a quality, not an event: ruxsat etilgan — permitted, taqiqlangan — prohibited — the language of signs.
Papers dislike naming the doer: where English writes "detained by the police", here it simply says "ushlandi" — detained. Who exactly — the next line of the report will say.
Table
| action | passive | in the papers |
|---|---|---|
| qilmoq — to do | qilinmoq | murojaat qilinadi — applications are made |
| olmoq — to take | olinmoq | hibsga olindi — detained |
| bermoq — to give | berilmoq | ruxsat berildi — permitted |
| yozmoq — to write | yozilmoq | yozilgan protokol — the written report |
| topshirmoq — to submit | topshirilmoq | hujjat topshirildi — submitted |
| oʻrganmoq — to study | oʻrganilmoq | oʻrganiladi — it is studied |
By example
- Vizam rad etildi.My visa was rejected
- Bu yerga kirish taqiqlangan.Entry here is prohibited
- Hujjat topshirildi, natija kutiladi.The document was submitted; the result is awaited
How the rule settles in your head
A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.
Frequently asked
How the papers speak: how does it work in Uzbek?
The language of paperwork manages without a doer: "rad etildi" — rejected, and no one says by whom. The passive tail hangs on the verb, and the main word becomes the thing acted upon.
What does it look like in a Uzbek example sentence?
“Vizam rad etildi.” — My visa was rejected. A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.