Zayavlenie podano: the sentence without the doer
The language of paperwork gets along without the doer: a certificate and a ruling never name the hand that made them. Two builds do this. For example: “Заявление подано, ждём ответа до конца месяца” — The papers have been sent, we expect the answer by the end of the month. A rule from the Russian course: worked out on examples, not memorized as a wording.
How it works
The language of paperwork gets along without the doer: a certificate and a ruling never name the hand that made them. Two builds do this.
One is the short form in -n/-t: zayavlenie podano, viza vydana, dokumenty podpisany. The form bends by gender and number: podan, podana, podano, podany. It speaks of a completed fact: Reshenie prinyato vchera.
The other is a verb in -sya: Dom stroitsya, zayavleniya prinimayutsya po vtornikam. This is the order of things, not one event — notices and rules are written that way. The difference is in the meaning: Zayavleniya prinimayutsya do pyatnitsy is a rule, Zayavlenie podano vo vtornik is a fact.
There is a third: the subjectless resheno, uslovleno, ustanovleno — a decision hanging in the air with no author at all. Where another language says we decided, here the plain reshili is preferred.
Table
| The way | Example | When it is taken |
|---|---|---|
| the short form | zayavlenie podano | one completed fact |
| agreement | podan / podana / podano / podany | by gender and number |
| -sya verb | zayavleniya prinimayutsya | a rule, the order of things |
| a ban through -sya | zdes ne kuritsya | rare, conversational |
| subjectless | resheno, uslovleno | a decision with no author |
| the vague they | nam otvetili cherez mesyats | conversation |
| the doer named | konsulstvo vydalo vizu | turn it into the active |
| the full adjective form | podannoe zayavlenie | in front of a noun |
By example
- Заявление подано, ждём ответа до конца месяцаZayavlenie podano, zhdyom otveta do kontsa mesyatsaThe papers have been sent, we expect the answer by the end of the month
- Билеты продаются с десяти утраBilety prodayutsya s desyati utraThe ticket window opens at ten in the morning
- Решено, что поездку перенесём на осеньResheno, chto poezdku perenesyom na osenIt has been decided to move the trip to autumn
How the rule settles in your head
A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.
Frequently asked
Zayavlenie podano: what it means?
One is the short form in -n/-t: zayavlenie podano, viza vydana, dokumenty podpisany. The form bends by gender and number: podan, podana, podano, podany. It speaks of a completed fact: Reshenie prinyato vchera.
Zayavlenie podano or podayut?
One is the short form in -n/-t: zayavlenie podano, viza vydana, dokumenty podpisany. The form bends by gender and number: podan, podana, podano, podany. It speaks of a completed fact: Reshenie prinyato vchera.
Dom stroitsya: the -sya rule?
The other is a verb in -sya: Dom stroitsya, zayavleniya prinimayutsya po vtornikam. This is the order of things, not one event — notices and rules are written that way. The difference is in the meaning: Zayavleniya prinimayutsya do pyatnitsy is a rule, Zayavlenie podano vo vtornik is a fact.
Why papers skip who did it?
The language of paperwork gets along without the doer: a certificate and a ruling never name the hand that made them. Two builds do this.
What does it look like in a Russian example sentence?
“Заявление подано, ждём ответа до конца месяца” (Zayavlenie podano, zhdyom otveta do kontsa mesyatsa) — The papers have been sent, we expect the answer by the end of the month. A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.