Lingoflyтврђава
- тврђаваtvrđavaa fortress
“тврђава” (tvrđava) — a fortress in Serbian. Noun, level B1. A syllable with no vowel: tvr, the r stands for the vowel. Then the soft đ: tvr-đa-va. In a live sentence: “Тврђава изнад реке чува град већ пет векова” (Tvrđava iznad reke čuva grad već pet vekova) — The fortress above the river has guarded the city for five centuries. You can hear how it sounds right here. Written with the characters т, в, р, ђ, а (a), в, а (a). A word from the everyday Serbian course, level B1.
In short
| Written in Serbian | тврђава (tvrđava) |
| Read in Latin letters | tvrđava |
| Translation | a fortress |
| Part of speech | noun |
| Level | B1 |
How to pronounce it
A syllable with no vowel: tvr, the r stands for the vowel. Then the soft đ: tvr-đa-va.
Why it looks that way
From tvrd, hard: a fortress is a stronghold. Kalemegdan in Belgrade is officially Beogradska tvrđava.
A word with a story stays in memory longer than one learned as a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.
In a live sentence
A single word almost never appears alone in conversation. A sentence shows where it fits and what stands next to it.
How not to forget this word
Reading a word and remembering it are different jobs. A day later, little survives of a single reading — and that is not bad memory, that is how memory works.
- This has been tested on foreign words too. The difference shows up most when you test yourself a few days later rather than straight away.checked many timesKim & Webb, 2022, Language Learning 72(2) · 48 experiments, 3,411 participants, 98 comparisons.
- Recalling beats re-reading. Covering the translation and trying to remember it does more than reading it ten more times.checked many timesAdesope, Trevisan & Sundararajan, 2017, Review of Educational Research 87(3) · 188 experiments, 272 comparisons. g = 0.61; against plain re-reading 0.51, against passive review 0.93.
- An answer you worked out yourself sticks better than one handed to you.checked many timesBertsch et al., 2007, Memory & Cognition 35(2) · 86 studies, 445 comparisons, d = 0.40.
Frequently asked
How do you say “a fortress” in Serbian?
«тврђава» (tvrđava), read “tvrđava”. A syllable with no vowel: tvr, the r stands for the vowel. Then the soft đ: tvr-đa-va. In a live sentence: “Тврђава изнад реке чува град већ пет векова” (Tvrđava iznad reke čuva grad već pet vekova) — The fortress above the river has guarded the city for five centuries. You can hear how it sounds right on this page. Noun, level B1; written with the characters т, в, р, ђ, а (a), в, а (a).
How is “тврђава” (tvrđava) written in Latin letters?
tvrđava. This is a practical spelling — you need it to read aloud and be understood, not to meet an academic standard.
Why does this word look the way it does?
From tvrd, hard: a fortress is a stronghold. Kalemegdan in Belgrade is officially Beogradska tvrđava. A word with a story stays in memory longer than a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.
Can I hear how this sounds?
Yes, right on this page: click the word and it will play. The sound works on any phone, and nothing needs to be installed.