очертания
“очертания” (ochertaniya) — outlines in Russian. Noun, level B1. V tumane vidny ochertaniya staroy bashni — "in the fog one can see the outlines of the old tower" — plural only: the outer edge of a thing, the silhouette; English says outlines, and no borders are meant. In a live sentence: “В тумане видны очертания старой башни” — In the fog one can see the outlines of the old tower. Written with the characters о, ч, е, р, т, а, н, и, я.
In short
| Written in Russian | очертания |
| Read in Latin letters | ochertaniya |
| Translation | outlines |
| Part of speech | noun |
| Level | B1 |
Why it looks that way
V tumane vidny ochertaniya staroy bashni — "in the fog one can see the outlines of the old tower" — plural only: the outer edge of a thing, the silhouette; English says outlines, and no borders are meant.
A word with a story stays in memory longer than one learned as a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.
In a live sentence
A single word almost never appears alone in conversation. A sentence shows where it fits and what stands next to it.
- В тумане видны очертания старой башниV tumane vidny ochertaniya staroy bashniIn the fog one can see the outlines of the old tower
How not to forget this word
Reading a word and remembering it are different jobs. A day later, little survives of a single reading — and that is not bad memory, that is how memory works.
- This has been tested on foreign words too. The difference shows up most when you test yourself a few days later rather than straight away.checked many timesKim & Webb, 2022, Language Learning 72(2) · 48 experiments, 3,411 participants, 98 comparisons.
- Recalling beats re-reading. Covering the translation and trying to remember it does more than reading it ten more times.checked many timesAdesope, Trevisan & Sundararajan, 2017, Review of Educational Research 87(3) · 188 experiments, 272 comparisons. g = 0.61; against plain re-reading 0.51, against passive review 0.93.
- An answer you worked out yourself sticks better than one handed to you.checked many timesBertsch et al., 2007, Memory & Cognition 35(2) · 86 studies, 445 comparisons, d = 0.40.
Frequently asked
How do you say “outlines” in Russian?
«очертания», read “ochertaniya”. In a live sentence: “В тумане видны очертания старой башни” — In the fog one can see the outlines of the old tower. Noun, level B1; written with the characters о, ч, е, р, т, а, н, и, я.
How is “очертания” written in Latin letters?
ochertaniya. This is a practical spelling — you need it to read aloud and be understood, not to meet an academic standard.
Why does this word look the way it does?
V tumane vidny ochertaniya staroy bashni — "in the fog one can see the outlines of the old tower" — plural only: the outer edge of a thing, the silhouette; English says outlines, and no borders are meant. A word with a story stays in memory longer than a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.