LingoflyҮстеме жұмыс
- Үстеме жұмысÜsteme zhūmysovertime
“Үстеме жұмыс” (Üsteme zhūmys) — overtime in Kazakh. Noun, level B1. Round u, tense short u: us-te-ME zhu-MYS. In a live sentence: “Үстеме жұмысқа ақы төленеді” (Üsteme zhūmysqa aqy tölenedi) — Overtime is paid. You can hear how it sounds right here. Written with the characters Ү, с, т, е, м, е, ж, ұ, м, ы, с. A word from the everyday Kazakh course, level B1.
In short
| Written in Kazakh | Үстеме жұмыс (Üsteme zhūmys) |
| Read in Latin letters | Üsteme zhūmys |
| Translation | overtime |
| Part of speech | noun |
| Level | B1 |
How to pronounce it
round u, tense short u: us-te-ME zhu-MYS
Why it looks that way
usteme is a top-up, the thing on top, from ust, upper; the pay for it is usteme aqy; in the code it stands longer — work beyond working time
A word with a story stays in memory longer than one learned as a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.
In a live sentence
A single word almost never appears alone in conversation. A sentence shows where it fits and what stands next to it.
How not to forget this word
Reading a word and remembering it are different jobs. A day later, little survives of a single reading — and that is not bad memory, that is how memory works.
- This has been tested on foreign words too. The difference shows up most when you test yourself a few days later rather than straight away.checked many timesKim & Webb, 2022, Language Learning 72(2) · 48 experiments, 3,411 participants, 98 comparisons.
- Recalling beats re-reading. Covering the translation and trying to remember it does more than reading it ten more times.checked many timesAdesope, Trevisan & Sundararajan, 2017, Review of Educational Research 87(3) · 188 experiments, 272 comparisons. g = 0.61; against plain re-reading 0.51, against passive review 0.93.
- An answer you worked out yourself sticks better than one handed to you.checked many timesBertsch et al., 2007, Memory & Cognition 35(2) · 86 studies, 445 comparisons, d = 0.40.
Frequently asked
How do you say “overtime” in Kazakh?
«Үстеме жұмыс» (Üsteme zhūmys), read “Üsteme zhūmys”. Round u, tense short u: us-te-ME zhu-MYS. In a live sentence: “Үстеме жұмысқа ақы төленеді” (Üsteme zhūmysqa aqy tölenedi) — Overtime is paid. You can hear how it sounds right on this page. Noun, level B1; written with the characters Ү, с, т, е, м, е, ж, ұ, м, ы, с.
How is “Үстеме жұмыс” (Üsteme zhūmys) written in Latin letters?
Üsteme zhūmys. This is a practical spelling — you need it to read aloud and be understood, not to meet an academic standard.
Why does this word look the way it does?
Usteme is a top-up, the thing on top, from ust, upper; the pay for it is usteme aqy; in the code it stands longer — work beyond working time. A word with a story stays in memory longer than a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.
Can I hear how this sounds?
Yes, right on this page: click the word and it will play. The sound works on any phone, and nothing needs to be installed.