دیروز
“دیروز” (diruz) — yesterday in Persian. Adverb, level A1, topic — time, days and hours. Yesterday, the di- an old mark of the past. Diruz dar khane budam: yesterday I was at home. In a live sentence: “دیروز در خانه بودم” — Yesterday I was at home. Written with the characters د, ی, ر, و, ز. One of 138 words in the set “time, days and hours” in the Persian course.
In short
| Written in Persian | دیروز |
| Read in Latin letters | diruz |
| Translation | yesterday |
| Part of speech | adverb |
| Level | A1 |
Why it looks that way
Yesterday, the di- an old mark of the past. Diruz dar khane budam: yesterday I was at home
A word with a story stays in memory longer than one learned as a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.
In a live sentence
A single word almost never appears alone in conversation. A sentence shows where it fits and what stands next to it.
- دیروز در خانه بودمdiruz dar khâne budamYesterday I was at home
Nearby words: time, days and hours
Today, tomorrow, in the morning, at six. You cannot arrange to meet without these — let alone understand the answer.
- ساعتsââthour / clock / timeOne word for the hour, the clock and o’clock: saat-e che? — what time? The word came from Arabic, like the practice of counting hours itself
- امروزemruztodayToday — em the now + ruz the day. The day root ruz repeats in farda and diruz
- فرداfardâtomorrowTomorrow — the word of every promise. Farda bazaar mirim: tomorrow we go to the bazaar
- صبحsâbhmorningThe morning that runs to noon. Sobh bekheyr wishes it well; sobh-ha makes it a habit — every morning
- عصرasrlate afternoonThe slot between noon work and evening rest — the park hour. Asr bekheyr greets it
- شبshabnightNight, and the same word runs through shab bekheyr and emshab. Shab-ha: nights, as a routine
- روزruzdayThe day — and the sun itself, one word for both. Har ruz, every day, is the most common phrase it makes
- حالاhâlânowNow — of time and of concession: hala ke, now that. Hala vaqt nist: there is no time now
- امشبemshabtonightEm, the now, pressed against shab: tonight. One word where English needs three
- صبحانهsâbhânebreakfastLiterally "the morning-thing": sobh + ane. Bread and cheese is the breakfast, says the course
Test yourself
Five questions from the same set — “time, days and hours”. Recalling a spelling from meaning is harder than knowing a familiar word on sight, and therefore more useful.
- How do you say “yesterday” in Persian?
Yesterday, the di- an old mark of the past. Diruz dar khane budam: yesterday I was at home
- How do you say “day” in Persian?
The day — and the sun itself, one word for both. Har ruz, every day, is the most common phrase it makes
- How do you say “tomorrow” in Persian?
Tomorrow — the word of every promise. Farda bazaar mirim: tomorrow we go to the bazaar
- How do you say “breakfast” in Persian?
Literally "the morning-thing": sobh + ane. Bread and cheese is the breakfast, says the course
- How do you say “night” in Persian?
Night, and the same word runs through shab bekheyr and emshab. Shab-ha: nights, as a routine
How not to forget this word
Reading a word and remembering it are different jobs. A day later, little survives of a single reading — and that is not bad memory, that is how memory works.
- This has been tested on foreign words too. The difference shows up most when you test yourself a few days later rather than straight away.checked many timesKim & Webb, 2022, Language Learning 72(2) · 48 experiments, 3,411 participants, 98 comparisons.
- Recalling beats re-reading. Covering the translation and trying to remember it does more than reading it ten more times.checked many timesAdesope, Trevisan & Sundararajan, 2017, Review of Educational Research 87(3) · 188 experiments, 272 comparisons. g = 0.61; against plain re-reading 0.51, against passive review 0.93.
- An answer you worked out yourself sticks better than one handed to you.checked many timesBertsch et al., 2007, Memory & Cognition 35(2) · 86 studies, 445 comparisons, d = 0.40.
Frequently asked
How do you say “yesterday” in Persian?
«دیروز», read “diruz”. In a live sentence: “دیروز در خانه بودم” — Yesterday I was at home. Adverb, level A1, from the set “time, days and hours”; written with the characters د, ی, ر, و, ز.
How is “دیروز” written in Latin letters?
diruz. This is a practical spelling — you need it to read aloud and be understood, not to meet an academic standard.
Why does this word look the way it does?
Yesterday, the di- an old mark of the past. Diruz dar khane budam: yesterday I was at home. A word with a story stays in memory longer than a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.