LingoflyΝτ ντ — ni-taf
«ni-taf» is a digraph of the Greek script, read as “d as in "door"”. A plain d at the start of a word, an nd in the middle. For example, in the word “ντομάτα” (domáta) — a tomato. The Greek alphabet has 24 letters in total, and this character can be played right here. This character does not count as a letter of the alphabet. The plain d sound is written with this pair, while the letter δ gives the soft th of "this". Ντομάτα (domáta) comes out "domata".
In short
| Character | Ντ ντ |
| Name | ni-taf |
| Sound | d as in "door" |
| What it is | a digraph |
In our course the character comes 32nd of 37: the order here is not alphabetical but from familiar to unfamiliar, its neighbours in the course are μπ and γκ, appears in 184 words of this site.
How to type Ντ ντ
- On a phone: add the Greek keyboard in the keyboard settings (Gboard on Android; Keyboards in the iPhone settings).
- In Word on Windows: type the codes U+03BD, U+03C4 one at a time, pressing Alt+X after each.
- On a Mac: switch to the Unicode Hex Input source and, holding Option, type the codes 03BD, 03C4 in a row.
- Unicode code points: ντ — U+03BD U+03C4, Ντ — U+039D U+03C4. With them, the characters can be found in the character map of any system.
How it sounds
A plain d at the start of a word, an nd in the middle
The character in a word
A lone character is hard to remember: memory holds on to meaning, and a letter has none. The word it stands in provides that anchor.
The character in the “letter pairs” group
Eleven pairs of letters read as one sound. Nothing can be read without them: Greek has no separate letters for the oo, b, d and g sounds at all. They are written with the pairs ου, μπ, ντ, γκ.
- Αι αιe as in "met", written αιalfa-iota
- Ει ειee as in "see", written ειepsilon-iota
- Οι οιee as in "see", written οιomikron-iota
- Ου ουoo as in "food"omikron-ipsilon
- Αυ αυav or af, decided by the next soundalfa-ipsilon
- Ευ ευev or ef, decided by the next soundepsilon-ipsilon
- Μπ μπb as in "book"mi-pi
- Γκ γκg as in "go"gama-kapa
- Τσ τσts as in "cats"taf-sigma
- Τζ τζa voiced dz, close to j as in "jam"taf-zita
Words with this character
How to remember this character
A single letter is the hardest thing to remember: memory has nothing to hold on to — a character has no meaning. A three-step loop works: see the character, try to recall the sound (for «ni-taf» it is “d as in "door"”, as in the word “ντομάτα” (domáta)), see the right answer.
And come back to it the next day, not in an hour: a check a day or two later beats a check the same day. Nobody holds the whole alphabet — 24 letters — at once.
- It is better to test yourself the next day than at the end of the same session. That is why a word comes back to you tomorrow.checked many timesAdesope, Trevisan & Sundararajan, 2017, Review of Educational Research 87(3) · g = 0.82 when tested a day or two later, against 0.56 on the same day.
- Studying a little every day gets more into your head than spending the same total time in one sitting.checked many timesDonovan & Radosevich, 1999, Journal of Applied Psychology 84(5) · 63 studies compared, difference d = 0.46 — a sizeable figure for a learning effect.
Frequently asked
How does the Greek character ντ read?
As “d as in "door"” — it is a digraph of the Greek script. A plain d at the start of a word, an nd in the middle. For example, in the word “ντομάτα” (domáta) — a tomato.
What is the sign ντ called?
Ni-taf. A character's name and its sound are different things in the Greek script: it is called “ni-taf” and reads as “d as in "door"”. Learn the second one: the name only helps when the alphabet is recited aloud.
What can ντ be confused with?
The plain d sound is written with this pair, while the letter δ gives the soft th of "this". Ντομάτα (domáta) comes out "domata". Similar characters are best studied side by side and deliberately compared: learned on different days, they stay separate and get mixed up at their first meeting inside a word.