أفترض
“أفترض” (афтарид) — to assume in Arabic. Verb, level B1, topic — basic words. The d is heavy, emphatic: "aftarid". In a live sentence: “أفترض أن السعر أقل” — I assume that the price is lower. Written with the characters أ, ف, ت, ر, ض. One of 308 words in the set “basic words” in the Arabic course.
In short
| Written in Arabic | أفترض |
| Read in Latin letters | афтарид |
| Translation | to assume |
| Part of speech | verb |
| Level | B1 |
How to pronounce it
The d is heavy, emphatic: "aftarid"
Why it looks that way
Literally "took for the truth": an assumption for Arabic is a draft of the truth. A bookish word of debates and articles; in speech the same thought comes out as "possibly"
A word with a story stays in memory longer than one learned as a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.
In a live sentence
A single word almost never appears alone in conversation. A sentence shows where it fits and what stands next to it.
- أفترض أن السعر أقلафтарид анн ас-сиʿр акалляI assume that the price is lower
Nearby words: basic words
Yes, no, good, bad, very. The small change of a language — and no sentence assembles without it.
- نعمнаамyesShort and firm. In conversation an Arab often answers not with yes but by repeating the verb: "do you like it?" — "I like it"
- لاляnoThe same word negates the present tense: laa aʿrif — I do not know. The past is negated by ma — two particles for two tenses
- جيدджейидfineThe standard answer in full: ana bikhayr, shukran — I am well, thank you — or a short jayyid. From the root "to be good"
- سيئсаййиʾbadThe doubled y is held long and the word is cut off by a hamza at the end: say-yi-ʾ. The partner of jayyid, and just as common in an answer
- ممتازмумтазexcellentFrom the root "to outdo". A stronger answer to how are you than jayyid: it means it cannot be better
- يمكنюмкинit is possibleAn impersonal "it is possible": it has no subject at all. "Can I pay by card?" is built on exactly this word
- وваandIt is written attached to the next word: wa sticks like a prefix. Khubz wa jibna — bread and cheese
- لكنлякинbutIt opens the second half of the sentence. With a long a on the end — laakinna — it sounds stronger, with a press
- كيلوغرامкилограамkilogramAt the market they say it short — kilo. Half is nisf kilo, and the weigher measures exactly so, with no grams involved
- نصفнисфhalf"Half an hour" is nisf as-saaʿa, and an Arab divides time into halves more readily than quarters. A short word, but the s here is soft, interdental
Test yourself
Five questions from the same set — “basic words”. Recalling a spelling from meaning is harder than knowing a familiar word on sight, and therefore more useful.
- How do you say “to assume” in Arabic?
Literally "took for the truth": an assumption for Arabic is a draft of the truth. A bookish word of debates and articles; in speech the same thought comes out as "possibly"
- How do you say “and” in Arabic?
It is written attached to the next word: wa sticks like a prefix. Khubz wa jibna — bread and cheese
- How do you say “fine” in Arabic?
The standard answer in full: ana bikhayr, shukran — I am well, thank you — or a short jayyid. From the root "to be good"
- How do you say “half” in Arabic?
"Half an hour" is nisf as-saaʿa, and an Arab divides time into halves more readily than quarters. A short word, but the s here is soft, interdental
- How do you say “it is possible” in Arabic?
An impersonal "it is possible": it has no subject at all. "Can I pay by card?" is built on exactly this word
How not to forget this word
Reading a word and remembering it are different jobs. A day later, little survives of a single reading — and that is not bad memory, that is how memory works.
- This has been tested on foreign words too. The difference shows up most when you test yourself a few days later rather than straight away.checked many timesKim & Webb, 2022, Language Learning 72(2) · 48 experiments, 3,411 participants, 98 comparisons.
- Recalling beats re-reading. Covering the translation and trying to remember it does more than reading it ten more times.checked many timesAdesope, Trevisan & Sundararajan, 2017, Review of Educational Research 87(3) · 188 experiments, 272 comparisons. g = 0.61; against plain re-reading 0.51, against passive review 0.93.
- An answer you worked out yourself sticks better than one handed to you.checked many timesBertsch et al., 2007, Memory & Cognition 35(2) · 86 studies, 445 comparisons, d = 0.40.
Frequently asked
How do you say “to assume” in Arabic?
«أفترض», read “афтарид”. The d is heavy, emphatic: "aftarid". In a live sentence: “أفترض أن السعر أقل” — I assume that the price is lower. Verb, level B1, from the set “basic words”; written with the characters أ, ف, ت, ر, ض.
How is “أفترض” written in Latin letters?
афтарид. This is a practical spelling — you need it to read aloud and be understood, not to meet an academic standard.
Why does this word look the way it does?
Literally "took for the truth": an assumption for Arabic is a draft of the truth. A bookish word of debates and articles; in speech the same thought comes out as "possibly". A word with a story stays in memory longer than a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.