Արտաքին
“Արտաքին” (ardak'in) — appearance in Western Armenian. Noun, level B1, topic — people and family. From արտ-, the outer side; the same word means 'external': արտաքին գործեր — foreign affairs. In a live sentence: “Արտաքինով հորն է նման” — In appearance he takes after his father. Written with the characters Ա, ր, տ, ա, ք, ի, ն. One of 138 words in the set “people and family” in the Western Armenian course.
In short
| Written in Western Armenian | Արտաքին |
| Read in Latin letters | ardak'in |
| Translation | appearance |
| Part of speech | noun |
| Level | B1 |
Why it looks that way
From արտ-, the outer side; the same word means 'external': արտաքին գործեր — foreign affairs
A word with a story stays in memory longer than one learned as a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.
In a live sentence
A single word almost never appears alone in conversation. A sentence shows where it fits and what stands next to it.
- Արտաքինով հորն է նմանardak'inov horn e nmanIn appearance he takes after his father
Nearby words: people and family
Mum, friend, child, neighbour. The first thing people ask you about, and the first thing you tell about yourself.
- ԸնկերəngerfriendFriend, comrade — and in writing, a punctuation mark: one word, three jobs. Plural:
ընկերներ - Ընտանիքəndanik'familyFrom the root 'inside the house': the people under one roof. Both standards say
ընտանիք - Մայրիկmayrigmom
մայր(mother) +-իկ, an affectionate ending that softens the word, the way '-y' does in English 'mommy'.հայրիկ, daddy, is built the same way - Հայրիկhayrigdad
հայր(father) — the same root as inՀայաստան, Armenia. The ending -իկ adds the affection, just as inմայրիկ - ԵրեխայyerekhaychildPlural:
երեխաներ. The middle խ is a throaty kh, like the ch of Scottish 'loch': eh-reh-KHA - ՎաճառողvajarroghsellerSame root
վաճառ-as in the market counter. The ending -ող turns a verb into its doer: literally 'the selling one' - ԳնորդknortbuyerFrom
գնել, to buy. The same -ող doer-ending as inվաճառող, the seller — one buys, the other sells - ՀարեւանharevanneighborCovers the person next door and the neighboring country alike:
հարեւան երկիր— a neighboring country - Տան տէրdan derlandlord
տունin its possessive form givesտան, 'of the house', plusտէր, master: 'the master of the house'. This is what renting talk calls them - Թոշակառուt'oshagarrupensioner
թոշակis a pension,առնելto take: literally 'the pension-taker'
Test yourself
Five questions from the same set — “people and family”. Recalling a spelling from meaning is harder than knowing a familiar word on sight, and therefore more useful.
- How do you say “appearance” in Western Armenian?
From արտ-, the outer side; the same word means 'external': արտաքին գործեր — foreign affairs
- How do you say “buyer” in Western Armenian?
From գնել, to buy. The same -ող doer-ending as in վաճառող, the seller — one buys, the other sells
- How do you say “mom” in Western Armenian?
մայր (mother) + -իկ, an affectionate ending that softens the word, the way '-y' does in English 'mommy'. հայրիկ, daddy, is built the same way
- How do you say “pensioner” in Western Armenian?
թոշակ is a pension, առնել to take: literally 'the pension-taker'
- How do you say “seller” in Western Armenian?
Same root վաճառ- as in the market counter. The ending -ող turns a verb into its doer: literally 'the selling one'
How not to forget this word
Reading a word and remembering it are different jobs. A day later, little survives of a single reading — and that is not bad memory, that is how memory works.
- This has been tested on foreign words too. The difference shows up most when you test yourself a few days later rather than straight away.checked many timesKim & Webb, 2022, Language Learning 72(2) · 48 experiments, 3,411 participants, 98 comparisons.
- Recalling beats re-reading. Covering the translation and trying to remember it does more than reading it ten more times.checked many timesAdesope, Trevisan & Sundararajan, 2017, Review of Educational Research 87(3) · 188 experiments, 272 comparisons. g = 0.61; against plain re-reading 0.51, against passive review 0.93.
- An answer you worked out yourself sticks better than one handed to you.checked many timesBertsch et al., 2007, Memory & Cognition 35(2) · 86 studies, 445 comparisons, d = 0.40.
Frequently asked
How do you say “appearance” in Western Armenian?
«Արտաքին», read “ardak'in”. In a live sentence: “Արտաքինով հորն է նման” — In appearance he takes after his father. Noun, level B1, from the set “people and family”; written with the characters Ա, ր, տ, ա, ք, ի, ն.
How is “Արտաքին” written in Latin letters?
ardak'in. This is a practical spelling — you need it to read aloud and be understood, not to meet an academic standard.
Why does this word look the way it does?
From արտ-, the outer side; the same word means 'external': արտաքին գործեր — foreign affairs. A word with a story stays in memory longer than a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.