витримка
“витримка” — self-control in Ukrainian. Noun, level B1, topic — people and family. Literally "a holding-out", and also a camera's exposure — one word for nerves and photography. Physical endurance is vytryvalist, from the sports unit; this one is about the spirit. In a live sentence: “Йому забракло витримки” — A conversation like that takes great self-control. One of 141 words in the set “people and family” in the Ukrainian course.
In short
| Written in Ukrainian | витримка |
| Translation | self-control |
| Part of speech | noun |
| Level | B1 |
Why it looks that way
Literally "a holding-out", and also a camera's exposure — one word for nerves and photography. Physical endurance is vytryvalist, from the sports unit; this one is about the spirit.
A word with a story stays in memory longer than one learned as a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.
In a live sentence
A single word almost never appears alone in conversation. A sentence shows where it fits and what stands next to it.
- Йому забракло витримкиA conversation like that takes great self-control
Nearby words: people and family
Mum, friend, child, neighbour. The first thing people ask you about, and the first thing you tell about yourself.
- сімʼяfamilyWritten with an apostrophe: sim-ya, two sounds, not "si-mya". The everyday word is exactly this one — five people, one simya.
- батькоfatherBatky are parents, both of them — not a plural of one dad. The cozy word for dad is tato, a small child word like "dad".
- матусяmomA warm, affectionate word. Calling her you use the special calling form: mamo! — Ukrainian has a whole case just for addressing people.
- дитинаchildThe plural is completely its own word: dity, "children". Same ancient root as the English "tyke"-sounding dity — you just have to learn the pair together.
- хлопецьguyBoth "a boy" and "a boyfriend" — context decides. Khloptsi, the plural, is what a group of friends calls itself, like "the guys".
- другfriendCalling a friend by name, Ukrainian uses a special addressing form: druzhe! It is the same "calling case" you met with mamo.
- людинаpersonThe big pair of the lesson: liudyna is "a person, a human", cholovik is "a man". Plural: liudy — people.
- чоловікmanBoth "man" and "husband" — and never just "person". On toilet doors this is exactly the word you will read.
- жінкаwomanA wife is a separate word: druzhyna. Zhinka is any woman — the same root, a wider job.
- юнакyoung manBookish and a little solemn; in live speech people say khlopets — the guy from an earlier lesson. Both point to the same lad.
Test yourself
Five questions from the same set — “people and family”. Recalling a spelling from meaning is harder than knowing a familiar word on sight, and therefore more useful.
- How do you say “self-control” in Ukrainian?
Literally "a holding-out", and also a camera's exposure — one word for nerves and photography. Physical endurance is vytryvalist, from the sports unit; this one is about the spirit.
- How do you say “person” in Ukrainian?
The big pair of the lesson: liudyna is "a person, a human", cholovik is "a man". Plural: liudy — people.
- How do you say “mom” in Ukrainian?
A warm, affectionate word. Calling her you use the special calling form: mamo! — Ukrainian has a whole case just for addressing people.
- How do you say “young man” in Ukrainian?
Bookish and a little solemn; in live speech people say khlopets — the guy from an earlier lesson. Both point to the same lad.
- How do you say “friend” in Ukrainian?
Calling a friend by name, Ukrainian uses a special addressing form: druzhe! It is the same "calling case" you met with mamo.
How not to forget this word
Reading a word and remembering it are different jobs. A day later, little survives of a single reading — and that is not bad memory, that is how memory works.
- This has been tested on foreign words too. The difference shows up most when you test yourself a few days later rather than straight away.checked many timesKim & Webb, 2022, Language Learning 72(2) · 48 experiments, 3,411 participants, 98 comparisons.
- Recalling beats re-reading. Covering the translation and trying to remember it does more than reading it ten more times.checked many timesAdesope, Trevisan & Sundararajan, 2017, Review of Educational Research 87(3) · 188 experiments, 272 comparisons. g = 0.61; against plain re-reading 0.51, against passive review 0.93.
- An answer you worked out yourself sticks better than one handed to you.checked many timesBertsch et al., 2007, Memory & Cognition 35(2) · 86 studies, 445 comparisons, d = 0.40.
Frequently asked
How do you say “self-control” in Ukrainian?
«витримка». In a live sentence: “Йому забракло витримки” — A conversation like that takes great self-control. Noun, level B1, from the set “people and family”.
Why does this word look the way it does?
Literally "a holding-out", and also a camera's exposure — one word for nerves and photography. Physical endurance is vytryvalist, from the sports unit; this one is about the spirit. A word with a story stays in memory longer than a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.