прізвище
“прізвище” — surname in Ukrainian. Noun, level A1, topic — people and family. Cousin to "praise" words, but it means family name. A nickname — the thing you call someone behind their back — is prizvysko, a different word. In a live sentence: “Напишіть прізвище друкованими літерами” — What is your surname? One of 141 words in the set “people and family” in the Ukrainian course.
In short
| Written in Ukrainian | прізвище |
| Translation | surname |
| Part of speech | noun |
| Level | A1 |
Why it looks that way
Cousin to "praise" words, but it means family name. A nickname — the thing you call someone behind their back — is prizvysko, a different word.
A word with a story stays in memory longer than one learned as a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.
In a live sentence
A single word almost never appears alone in conversation. A sentence shows where it fits and what stands next to it.
- Напишіть прізвище друкованими літерамиWhat is your surname?
Nearby words: people and family
Mum, friend, child, neighbour. The first thing people ask you about, and the first thing you tell about yourself.
- сімʼяfamilyWritten with an apostrophe: sim-ya, two sounds, not "si-mya". The everyday word is exactly this one — five people, one simya.
- батькоfatherBatky are parents, both of them — not a plural of one dad. The cozy word for dad is tato, a small child word like "dad".
- матусяmomA warm, affectionate word. Calling her you use the special calling form: mamo! — Ukrainian has a whole case just for addressing people.
- дитинаchildThe plural is completely its own word: dity, "children". Same ancient root as the English "tyke"-sounding dity — you just have to learn the pair together.
- хлопецьguyBoth "a boy" and "a boyfriend" — context decides. Khloptsi, the plural, is what a group of friends calls itself, like "the guys".
- другfriendCalling a friend by name, Ukrainian uses a special addressing form: druzhe! It is the same "calling case" you met with mamo.
- людинаpersonThe big pair of the lesson: liudyna is "a person, a human", cholovik is "a man". Plural: liudy — people.
- чоловікmanBoth "man" and "husband" — and never just "person". On toilet doors this is exactly the word you will read.
- жінкаwomanA wife is a separate word: druzhyna. Zhinka is any woman — the same root, a wider job.
- юнакyoung manBookish and a little solemn; in live speech people say khlopets — the guy from an earlier lesson. Both point to the same lad.
Test yourself
Five questions from the same set — “people and family”. Recalling a spelling from meaning is harder than knowing a familiar word on sight, and therefore more useful.
- How do you say “surname” in Ukrainian?
Cousin to "praise" words, but it means family name. A nickname — the thing you call someone behind their back — is prizvysko, a different word.
- How do you say “person” in Ukrainian?
The big pair of the lesson: liudyna is "a person, a human", cholovik is "a man". Plural: liudy — people.
- How do you say “mom” in Ukrainian?
A warm, affectionate word. Calling her you use the special calling form: mamo! — Ukrainian has a whole case just for addressing people.
- How do you say “young man” in Ukrainian?
Bookish and a little solemn; in live speech people say khlopets — the guy from an earlier lesson. Both point to the same lad.
- How do you say “friend” in Ukrainian?
Calling a friend by name, Ukrainian uses a special addressing form: druzhe! It is the same "calling case" you met with mamo.
How not to forget this word
Reading a word and remembering it are different jobs. A day later, little survives of a single reading — and that is not bad memory, that is how memory works.
- This has been tested on foreign words too. The difference shows up most when you test yourself a few days later rather than straight away.checked many timesKim & Webb, 2022, Language Learning 72(2) · 48 experiments, 3,411 participants, 98 comparisons.
- Recalling beats re-reading. Covering the translation and trying to remember it does more than reading it ten more times.checked many timesAdesope, Trevisan & Sundararajan, 2017, Review of Educational Research 87(3) · 188 experiments, 272 comparisons. g = 0.61; against plain re-reading 0.51, against passive review 0.93.
- An answer you worked out yourself sticks better than one handed to you.checked many timesBertsch et al., 2007, Memory & Cognition 35(2) · 86 studies, 445 comparisons, d = 0.40.
Frequently asked
How do you say “surname” in Ukrainian?
«прізвище». In a live sentence: “Напишіть прізвище друкованими літерами” — What is your surname? Noun, level A1, from the set “people and family”.
Why does this word look the way it does?
Cousin to "praise" words, but it means family name. A nickname — the thing you call someone behind their back — is prizvysko, a different word. A word with a story stays in memory longer than a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.