Ինձ տուր: to whom and whom
'Give me', 'I'll call you', 'he is waiting for us' — first-week phrases that until now had no parts to build from: we only knew ես, դու, նա. Those forms work only as the subject. The moment a pronoun becomes the one something is given to or whom it is seen, it changes wholesale: ես → ինձ, դու → քեզ, նա → նրան, մենք → մեզ, դուք → ձեզ, նրանք → նրանց. For example: “Ինձ ջուր տվեք, խնդրեմ” — Give me some water, please. A…
How it works
'Give me', 'I'll call you', 'he is waiting for us' — first-week phrases that until now had no parts to build from: we only knew ես (yes), դու (du), նա (na). Those forms work only as the subject. The moment a pronoun becomes the one something is given to or whom it is seen, it changes wholesale: ես → ինձ (indz), դու → քեզ (k'ez), նա → նրան (nran), մենք (menk') → մեզ (mez), դուք (duk') → ձեզ (dzez), նրանք (nrank') → նրանց (nrants).
The main relief: one form covers both jobs. English splits 'to me' and 'me'; Armenian does not. Ինձ տուր (indz tur) — give me (it), ինձ տեսավ (indz tesav) — (he) saw me. Same with քեզ, մեզ, ձեզ. The familiar Բարև ձեզ (barev dzez) is exactly this: 'hello to you'.
About people and the animate, Armenian always speaks of 'to whom': Ես նրան եմ սպասում (yes nran em spasum) — 'I am waiting for him', word for word 'I to-him wait'. Things take the ordinary form with the article: Ես ճամպրուկը տեսնում եմ (yes champrukə tesnum em). The distinction matters more than it looks: կանչել բժշկին (kanchel bzhshkin) — call the doctor, կանչել տաքսին (kanchel tak'sin) — call a taxi.
Word order is free but not meaningless: whatever stands right in front of the verb is the point of the phrase. Ինձ զանգիր (indz zangir) — call ME (not write). Զանգիր ինձ (zangir indz) — call me (not him). Both are correct; the emphasis differs — the same trick English does with stress.
Table
| Subject | To me / me | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ես — I | ինձ | Ինձ օգնիր — help me |
| դու — you | քեզ | Քեզ եմ սպասում — I'm waiting for you |
| նա — he, she | նրան | Նրան ասա — tell him |
| մենք — we | մեզ | Մեզ հետ արի — come with us |
| դուք — you (pl.) | ձեզ | Բարև ձեզ — hello |
| նրանք — they | նրանց | Նրանց չեմ ճանաչում — I don't know them |
By example
- Ինձ ջուր տվեք, խնդրեմindz jur tvek', khndremGive me some water, please
- Վաղը քեզ կզանգեմvaghə k'ez kzangemTomorrow I'll call you
- Նրան ասա, որ ուշանում եմnran asa, vor ushanum emTell him I'm running late
How the rule settles in your head
A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.
Frequently asked
to whom and whom: how does it work in Armenian?
'Give me', 'I'll call you', 'he is waiting for us' — first-week phrases that until now had no parts to build from: we only knew ես, դու, նա. Those forms work only as the subject. The moment a pronoun becomes the one something is given to or whom it is seen, it changes wholesale: ես → ինձ, դու →…
What does it look like in an example sentence Armenian?
“Ինձ ջուր տվեք, խնդրեմ” (indz jur tvek', khndrem) — Give me some water, please. A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.