பழம்
“பழம்” (paḻam) — fruit in Tamil. Noun, level A1, topic — food and drink. You know vāḻaippaḻam, 'banana', and māṅkāy, 'mango': the tail -paḻam is the fruit itself. Bare paḻam is fruit as a kind of food, said in the singular: at the market one asks 'is there fruit?', not 'fruits'. In a live sentence: “சந்தையில பழம் வாங்குறேன்” — I buy fruit at the market. You can hear how it sounds right here. Written with the characters ப, ழ, ம, ்.
In short
| Written in Tamil | பழம் |
| Read in Latin letters | paḻam |
| Translation | fruit |
| Part of speech | noun |
| Level | A1 |
- பழம்paḻamfruit
Why it looks that way
You know vāḻaippaḻam, 'banana', and māṅkāy, 'mango': the tail -paḻam is the fruit itself. Bare paḻam is fruit as a kind of food, said in the singular: at the market one asks 'is there fruit?', not 'fruits'
A word with a story stays in memory longer than one learned as a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.
In a live sentence
A single word almost never appears alone in conversation. A sentence shows where it fits and what stands next to it.
- சந்தையில பழம் வாங்குறேன்sandaiyila paḻam vāṅguṟēṉI buy fruit at the market
Nearby words: food and drink
A menu, a market, a shop sign, the question “what is this?”. Food is the most frequent subject of the first weeks and the safest excuse to start talking.
- தண்ணிtaṇṇiwaterThe spoken form. In a book or on a bottle you will see taṇṇīr
- டீṭīteaThe English tea, borrowed whole. The bookish word is tēnīr, but in a shop everyone says ṭī
- காபிkāpicoffeeThe English coffee. In the north of the island it is brewed strong, with milk and sugar already in — 'black, no sugar' has to be spelled out
- பால்pālmilkThe same word also means 'share' and the grammatical 'gender'. Tea with milk is pāl ṭī; without milk, plain ṭī
- சாதம்sādamriceCooked rice, the base of every meal. Raw rice is a different word altogether, arisi
- மீன்mīṉfishThe live fish and the fish on the plate alike. The same word hides inside viṉmīn, 'star' — literally 'the fish of the sky'
- ரொட்டிroṭṭibreadOn the island this is not a loaf but a flatbread: paroṭṭā, pol roṭṭi. The European loaf is called pāṇ, from Portuguese pão
- முட்டைmuṭṭaieggHold the doubled ṭṭ long. The same word names any oval thing; an omelette is muṭṭai poriyal
- காய்கறிkāykaṟivegetablesKāy, 'unripe fruit' + kaṟi, 'curry': a vegetable is defined by what is cooked from it. The word stands in the singular
- தேங்காய்tēṅkāycoconutTeṅkāy is short for 'coconut-palm fruit'. A young coconut full of water is a different word and a different drink: iḷanīr
Test yourself
Five questions from the same set — “food and drink”. Recalling a spelling from meaning is harder than knowing a familiar word on sight, and therefore more useful.
- How do you say “fruit” in Tamil?
You know vāḻaippaḻam, 'banana', and māṅkāy, 'mango': the tail -paḻam is the fruit itself. Bare paḻam is fruit as a kind of food, said in the singular: at the market one asks 'is there fruit?', not 'fruits'
- How do you say “bread” in Tamil?
On the island this is not a loaf but a flatbread: paroṭṭā, pol roṭṭi. The European loaf is called pāṇ, from Portuguese pão
- How do you say “coffee” in Tamil?
The English coffee. In the north of the island it is brewed strong, with milk and sugar already in — 'black, no sugar' has to be spelled out
- How do you say “coconut” in Tamil?
Teṅkāy is short for 'coconut-palm fruit'. A young coconut full of water is a different word and a different drink: iḷanīr
- How do you say “fish” in Tamil?
The live fish and the fish on the plate alike. The same word hides inside viṉmīn, 'star' — literally 'the fish of the sky'
How not to forget this word
Reading a word and remembering it are different jobs. A day later, little survives of a single reading — and that is not bad memory, that is how memory works.
- This has been tested on foreign words too. The difference shows up most when you test yourself a few days later rather than straight away.checked many timesKim & Webb, 2022, Language Learning 72(2) · 48 experiments, 3,411 participants, 98 comparisons.
- Recalling beats re-reading. Covering the translation and trying to remember it does more than reading it ten more times.checked many timesAdesope, Trevisan & Sundararajan, 2017, Review of Educational Research 87(3) · 188 experiments, 272 comparisons. g = 0.61; against plain re-reading 0.51, against passive review 0.93.
- An answer you worked out yourself sticks better than one handed to you.checked many timesBertsch et al., 2007, Memory & Cognition 35(2) · 86 studies, 445 comparisons, d = 0.40.
Frequently asked
How do you say “fruit” in Tamil?
«பழம்», read “paḻam”. In a live sentence: “சந்தையில பழம் வாங்குறேன்” — I buy fruit at the market. You can hear how it sounds right on this page. Noun, level A1, from the set “food and drink”; written with the characters ப, ழ, ம, ்.
How is “பழம்” written in Latin letters?
paḻam. This is a practical spelling — you need it to read aloud and be understood, not to meet an academic standard.
Why does this word look the way it does?
You know vāḻaippaḻam, 'banana', and māṅkāy, 'mango': the tail -paḻam is the fruit itself. Bare paḻam is fruit as a kind of food, said in the singular: at the market one asks 'is there fruit?', not 'fruits'. A word with a story stays in memory longer than a “spelling — translation” pair: memory holds on to meaning, not to a string.
Can I hear how it sounds?
Yes, right on this page: click the word and it will play. The sound works on any phone, and nothing needs to be installed.