სარეცხი, საყინულე, გამათბობელი: how Georgian names appliances

Half of this unit need not be memorized — it can be taken apart. Georgian names for appliances are almost all built by two patterns, and once you see the pattern, an unfamiliar word opens on first sight. For example: “თმის საშრობი და საპარსი ერთ ყუთშია” — The hair dryer and the razor are in one box. A rule from the Georgian course: worked out on examples, not memorized as a wording.

Updated September 1, 2026 · Lingofly

How it works

Half of this unit need not be memorized — it can be taken apart. Georgian names for appliances are almost all built by two patterns, and once you see the pattern, an unfamiliar word opens on first sight.

The first pattern: 'სა-…-ი' and 'სა-…-ე': the thing you do with, or the place for it. Take a verbal root, wrap it in the prefix 'სა-' and an ending — and you have the name of a tool or a place. სარეცხი (saretskhi) — the thing laundry is done with (რეცხვა (retskhva) — to wash), საპარსი (saparsi) — a razor (პარსვა — to shave), სავარცხელი (savartskheli) — a comb (ვარცხნა — to comb), სახეხი (sakhekhi) — a grater (ხეხვა — to grate), საშრობი (sashrobi) — a dryer (შრობა — to dry), სათვალე (satvale) — glasses (თვალი (tvali) — eye), საყინულე (saqinule) — a freezer (ყინული (qinuli) — ice), საქაღალდე (sakaghalde) — a folder (ქაღალდი (kaghaldi) — paper).

The same pattern makes adjectives of purpose: სავაჭრო (trading), საგარანტიო (warranty), სარეზერვო (reserve), სათადარიგო (spare), საჭრელი (cutting). Telling them apart is easy by whether a noun stands nearby.

The second pattern: '-ელი' and 'მა-…-ებელი': the thing that does it. გამათბობელი (gamatbobeli) — a heater (the warming thing), ჩამრთველი (chamrtveli) — a switch, დამაგრძელებელი (damagrdzelebeli) — an extension cord, დამტენი (damteni) — a charger, გამომრთველი — a breaker. The pattern is the same as for people by occupation: მასწავლებელი (teacher), მძღოლი (driver), გამყიდველი (seller). Georgian does not distinguish 'the one who does' from 'the thing that does', so appliance and profession are built alike.

And a third small but necessary point: whatever did not make it into a word is assembled with the genitive. 'თმის საშრობი (tmis sashrobi)' — a hair dryer (dryer of hair), 'ჭურჭლის სარეცხი მანქანა (churchlis saretskhi mankana)' — a dishwasher (machine for washing dishes), 'ქანჩის გასაღები (kanchis gasaghebi)' — a wrench (key of the nut). The first word takes the genitive on '-ის (-is)', the second is the device itself. Half of all compound names in the language are built this way, and you can build your own by the pattern: you will be understood.

Table

სარეცხი, საყინულე, გამათბობელი: how Georgian names appliances
PatternWhat it meansExampleBuilt from
სა-…-იthe thing you do withსარეცხირეცხვა — to wash
სა-…-ეa place for somethingსაყინულეყინული — ice
სა-…-ოan adjective of purposeსავაჭროვაჭრობა — trade
მა-…-ებელიthe thing that does itგამათბობელიგათბობა — to heat
-ელიthe one who does itმასწავლებელისწავლება — to teach
genitive + devicea compound nameთმის საშრობითმა — hair
უ-…-ოwithout somethingუხმო რეჟიმიხმა — sound

By example

  • თმის საშრობი და საპარსი ერთ ყუთშია
    tmis sashrobi da saparsi ert qutshia
    The hair dryer and the razor are in one box
  • გამათბობელი ჩამრთველთან ჩავრთე
    gamatbobeli chamrtveltan chavrte
    I switched on the heater at the switch
  • ხორცი საყინულეშია, ჭურჭელი კი სარეცხ მანქანაში
    khortsi saqinuleshia, churcheli ki saretskh mankanashi
    The meat is in the freezer, and the dishes are in the dishwasher

How the rule settles in your head

A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.

Frequently asked

how Georgian names appliances: how does it work in Georgian?

Half of this unit need not be memorized — it can be taken apart. Georgian names for appliances are almost all built by two patterns, and once you see the pattern, an unfamiliar word opens on first sight.

What does it look like in an example sentence Georgian?

“თმის საშრობი და საპარსი ერთ ყუთშია” (tmis sashrobi da saparsi ert qutshia) — The hair dryer and the razor are in one box. A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.

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