The kin: one word for two, and the tender nenorak

Basque kinship terms often do not tell the sexes apart: suhi is both the son-in-law (the daughter's husband) and the daughter-in-law (the son's wife); iloba is both nephew and niece; biloba — grandson and granddaughter at once. Common for the mother-in-law on either side: amaginarreba (ama + -ginarreba "kin by marriage"), for the father-in-law on either side — aitaginarreba. When the difference matters, one says it…

Updated September 1, 2026 · Lingofly

How it works

Basque kinship terms often do not tell the sexes apart: suhi is both the son-in-law (the daughter's husband) and the daughter-in-law (the son's wife); iloba is both nephew and niece; biloba — grandson and granddaughter at once. Common for the mother-in-law on either side: amaginarreba (ama + -ginarreba "kin by marriage"), for the father-in-law on either side — aitaginarreba. When the difference matters, one says it in full: emaztearen ama — the wife's mother, senarraren ama — the husband's mother.

One's own, the whole kin, are tenderly called nenorak — "my dear ones": Nenorak bazkalera etorriko dira — mine will come to lunch. A spouse without distinction of sex is ezkontidea (ezkontza "wedding" + -ide "companion"): husband and wife in one word.

Table

The kin: one word for two, and the tender nenorak
the meaningone wordthe example
son-in-law and daughter-in-lawsuhigure suhia — our son-in-law / our daughter-in-law
mother-in-law on either sideamaginarrebaamaginarreba etorri da — the mother-in-law came
my dear onesnenoraknenorak — my dear ones

By example

  • Nenorak bazkalera etorriko dira igandean
    My dear ones will come to lunch on Sunday
  • Suhi berria sukaldaritzan trebea da
    Our daughter-in-law cooks skillfully
  • Bi iloba ditut: mutil bat eta neska bat
    I have two nephews and nieces: a boy and a girl

How the rule settles in your head

A rule is not memorized from an explanation. It is memorized from an attempt to use it and a mistake — that is why the app delivers it mixed in with words, not as a separate lesson: it resurfaces exactly where you forgot it.

Frequently asked

The kin: how does it work in Basque?

Basque kinship terms often do not tell the sexes apart: suhi is both the son-in-law (the daughter's husband) and the daughter-in-law (the son's wife); iloba is both nephew and niece; biloba — grandson and granddaughter at once. Common for the mother-in-law on either side: amaginarreba (ama +…

What does it look like in an example sentence Basque?

“Nenorak bazkalera etorriko dira igandean” — My dear ones will come to lunch on Sunday. A rule is easier to test on sentences like this than to memorize as a wording: what surfaces in conversation is the sentence.

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